Xing Shi-Yan, Wu De-Jun, Xing Li-Feng, You Xiang-Liang, Zhang You-Peng, Sun Xia, Liu Yuan-Qian
Forest Department, Forest College, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
Yi Chuan Xue Bao. 2002 Oct;29(10):928-35.
The China possesses more than 70% Ginkgo resources in the world. The purposes of this research are to collect fine seedling and grafting clones in China, to probe genetic law on flavone glycosides and terpenes on Ginkgo leaves, and select leaf-used cultivars of high-pharmaceutical composition. In this research, we have collected 87 clones from 13 provenances and have carried out randomized block experiment at Tancheng, Laizhou and Yaoxiang in Shandong Province. Flavone glycosides and terpenes were determined through HPLC method from an improved Van Beek (1991) techniques and Shimadzu Lc-10 AD (Japan). Data and breeding analyses were carried out through IBMPC and SPQG30 software. The results of variance analyses show that there are significant differences to flavone glycosides, terpenes in clones, and the law of genetic parameters on heritability (h2) and genetic variability coefficient (Gcv), is clone > sex > provenance to flavone glycosides in ginkgo leaves. The sigma g2, h2, Gcv and delta G' in male tree clone leaves are higher than female clone leaves on flavone glycosides. We have found that there is a maximum flavone content clone among males and a maximum terpene clone among females. The results of Q-cluster analyses are consistent with R-factor analyses of twenty higher terpenes clones. The results of index selection show that the ri.Y2, E(I) and CGS' of multiple traits selection including (gamma) trait are higher than single trait and multiple traits selection excluding gamma. The direct or index selection is more suited to leaf-used cultivars of Ginkgo. The genetic stability of each clone was appraised by Wricke's ecovalence method and Nassar & Huhu noparameter method. Flavone glycosides and terpenes are more than 2.09%-2.57% and 0.33%-0.41%, respectively, and we have selected four clones.
中国拥有世界上70%以上的银杏资源。本研究的目的是收集中国优良的实生苗和嫁接无性系，探索银杏叶中黄酮苷和萜类化合物的遗传规律，并选育高药用成分的叶用品种。本研究从13个种源收集了87个无性系，并在山东省郯城、莱州和姚庄进行了随机区组试验。采用改进的Van Beek（1991）技术和日本岛津Lc - 10 AD通过高效液相色谱法测定黄酮苷和萜类化合物。通过IBMPC和SPQG30软件进行数据和育种分析。方差分析结果表明，无性系中黄酮苷、萜类化合物存在显著差异，银杏叶中黄酮苷的遗传力（h2）和遗传变异系数（Gcv）等遗传参数规律为无性系＞性别＞种源。雄树无性系叶片中黄酮苷的σg2、h2、Gcv和δG'高于雌树无性系叶片。我们发现雄性中有黄酮含量最高的无性系，雌性中有萜类含量最高的无性系。Q聚类分析结果与20个高萜类化合物无性系的R因子分析结果一致。指标选择结果表明，包括（γ）性状的多性状选择的ri.Y2、E（I）和CGS'高于单性状和不包括γ的多性状选择。直接选择或指标选择更适合银杏叶用品种。采用Wricke的生态等价法和Nassar & Huhu非参数法对各无性系的遗传稳定性进行评价。黄酮苷和萜类化合物含量分别超过2.09% - 2.57%和0.33% - 0.41%，我们已筛选出4个无性系。
