Stark H
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1975 Jun;54(6):462-5.
The series consists of 52 cases of branchial lateral cervical cysts and fistulae seen over 10 years. The majority were deep to the superficial cervical fascia or extended there, and only about half the cases were related to the carotid sheath. Fistulae are either inborn or more rarely arise later as a result of a cyst perforating outwards. Cysts present clinically mostly between the 15th and 35th year, perhaps arising as a result of spontaneous growth or inflammation may provide the stimulus to growth. All cases received operative treatment with a recurrence rate of 7.8%. Multiple recurrences were not uncommon due to increasing technical difficulties. The severity of complications is taken into account with every operation for recurrences. Radiological contrast filling of the fistula may help in the preoperative diagnosis, but it is not always reliable in demonstrating the extent and situation of the fistulous tracks.
该系列包括10年间所见的52例鳃源性颈侧囊肿和瘘管。大多数位于颈浅筋膜深层或向其延伸，仅约一半病例与颈动脉鞘有关。瘘管可为先天性，或更罕见地在囊肿向外穿孔后后期出现。囊肿临床上大多出现在15至35岁之间，可能是自发生长的结果，或者炎症可能是生长的刺激因素。所有病例均接受手术治疗，复发率为7.8%。由于技术难度增加，多次复发并不罕见。每次复发手术时都要考虑并发症的严重程度。瘘管的放射学造影剂填充可能有助于术前诊断，但在显示瘘管走行的范围和情况方面并不总是可靠的。
