Lunt Dianne, Briffa Tom, Briffa N Kathryn, Ramsay James
School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia.
Aust J Physiother. 2003;49(1):43-50. doi: 10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60187-2.
Regular physical activity prevents chronic disease and moderate to vigorous participation provides additional health benefits. Therefore, adolescents with congenital heart disease risk developing latent diseases due to real or perceived physical activity restrictions. Habitual physical activity levels, psychological determinants and advice received were examined by postal survey of 434 West Australian adolescents aged 12-18 years with congenital heart disease. Survey results (n = 153) were compared with published normative adolescent data. Total activity was classified as vigorous, adequate or inadequate according to metabolic equivalents, reported frequency and duration. Comparable numbers of respondents and healthy peers were active (winter 62% vs 74%; and summer 73% vs 82% respectively, p = 0.27). However, significantly fewer male respondents were classified as vigorously active compared with healthy peers, in both winter (48% vs 67%, p < 0.02), and summer (48% vs 69%, p = 0.04). Similar, but non-significant, trends were found when comparing female respondents with healthy peers and for mild versus severe disease groups. Self-efficacy ratings did not explain differences in physical activity intensity. Congenital heart disease may impact on the intensity of physical activity undertaken by affected adolescents thus denying additional health benefits. Physiotherapists could facilitate these adolescents to achieve more moderate to vigorous physical activity, to offset adult sedentary behaviour.
规律的体育活动可预防慢性病，适度到剧烈的体育活动参与度能带来更多健康益处。因此，患有先天性心脏病的青少年可能因实际或感知到的体育活动限制而有患潜在疾病的风险。通过对434名年龄在12至18岁的西澳大利亚先天性心脏病青少年进行邮政调查，研究了他们的习惯性体育活动水平、心理决定因素以及所接受的建议。将调查结果（n = 153）与已发表的青少年标准数据进行比较。根据代谢当量、报告的频率和持续时间，将总活动量分为剧烈、充足或不足。有相当数量的受访者和健康同龄人处于活跃状态（冬季分别为62%对74%；夏季分别为73%对82%，p = 0.27）。然而，与健康同龄人相比，在冬季（48%对67%，p < 0.02）和夏季（48%对69%，p = 0.04），被归类为剧烈活动的男性受访者明显较少。在比较女性受访者与健康同龄人以及轻度与重度疾病组时，发现了类似但不显著的趋势。自我效能评分并不能解释体育活动强度的差异。先天性心脏病可能会影响受影响青少年进行体育活动的强度，从而无法获得更多健康益处。物理治疗师可以帮助这些青少年实现更多适度到剧烈的体育活动，以抵消成年后的久坐行为。
