Salmon E D, Goode D, Maugel T K, Bonar D B
J Cell Biol. 1976 May;69(2):443-54. doi: 10.1083/jcb.69.2.443.
Evidence from light microscopy (principally polarization microscopy) has demonstrated that hydrostatic pressure can reversibly inhibit mitosis by rapidly depolymerizing the spindle fiber microtubules. We have confirmed this finding in ultrastructural studies of mitotic HeLa cells incubated at 37 degrees C and pressurized at 680 atm (10,000 psi). Althouth there are many spindle microtubules in the cells at atmospheric pressure, electron micographs of cells pressurized for 10 min (and fixed while under pressure in a Landau-Thibodeau chamber) show few microtubules. Pressure has a differential effect on the various types of spindle microtubules. Astral and interpolar MTs appear to be completely depolymerized in pressurized cells, but occasional groups of kinetochore fiber microtubules are seen. Surprisingly, the length and density of microtubules of the stem bodies and midbody of telophase cells appear unchanged by pressurization. In cells fixed 10 min after pressure was released, microtubules were again abundant, the density often appearing to be higher than in control cells. Reorganization seems incomplete, however, since many of the microtubules are randomly oriented. Unexpectedly, kinetochores appeared diffuse and were difficult to identify in sections of pressurized cells. Even after 10 min of recovery at atmospheric pressure, their structure was less distinct than in unpressurized cells.
光学显微镜（主要是偏振显微镜）的证据表明，静水压力可通过迅速解聚纺锤体纤维微管来可逆地抑制有丝分裂。我们在对处于37摄氏度、680个大气压（10,000磅力/平方英寸）压力下培养的有丝分裂海拉细胞进行的超微结构研究中证实了这一发现。在常压下，细胞中有许多纺锤体微管，但对细胞施加压力10分钟（并在Landau-Thibodeau室中受压时固定）后的电子显微镜照片显示微管很少。压力对各种类型的纺锤体微管有不同的影响。星状微管和极间微管在受压细胞中似乎完全解聚，但偶尔可见成组的动粒纤维微管。令人惊讶的是，末期细胞的茎体和中体微管的长度和密度在受压后似乎没有变化。在压力释放10分钟后固定的细胞中，微管再次丰富，其密度往往似乎高于对照细胞。然而，重组似乎并不完全，因为许多微管是随机排列的。出乎意料的是，动粒在受压细胞切片中显得模糊不清，难以识别。即使在常压下恢复10分钟后，它们的结构也不如未受压细胞中的清晰。
