Arnold A P, Nottebohm F, Pfaff D W
J Comp Neurol. 1976 Feb 15;165(4):487-511. doi: 10.1002/cne.901650406.
Using the autoradiographic method in the zebra finch (poephila guttata), areas of the brain were identified which contain cells which accumulate testosterone. Among these areas are the caudal nucleus of the hyperstriatum ventrale, nucleus intercollicularis of the midbrain, and the tracheosyringeal portion of the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla (nXIIts). These three are known to control or influence androgen dependent song and other vocalizations of passeriform birds, and nXIIts is composed of the motoneurons innervating the vocal (syringeal) muscles. Other areas containing hormone-concentrating cells are the medial preoptic area, nucleus periventricularis magnocellularis of the hypothalamus, dorsal infundibular layers, dorsomedial thalamus, lateral septum, magnocellular nucleus of the anterior neostriatum, periventricular medial neostriatum, nucleus taeniae of the archistriatum, and ventral paleostriatum augmentatum. Accumulation by cells in the preoptic area, hypothalamus, and limbic forebrain is consistent with a general vertebrate pattern of distribution of brain cells which accumulate sex steroids. Some of these same areas may be involved in the control of androgen dependent events such as courtship, copulation, aggression, and feedback regulation of the hypophysis.
利用放射自显影法在斑胸草雀（Poephila guttata）中，确定了大脑中含有积累睾酮细胞的区域。这些区域包括腹侧超纹状体尾核、中脑的顶盖间核以及延髓舌下神经核的气管鸣管部分（nXIIts）。已知这三个区域控制或影响雀形目鸟类雄激素依赖的鸣叫和其他发声，并且nXIIts由支配发声（鸣管）肌肉的运动神经元组成。其他含有激素浓缩细胞的区域是视前内侧区、下丘脑室周大细胞核、漏斗背层、丘脑背内侧核、外侧隔、新纹状体前部大细胞内核、室周内侧新纹状体、古纹状体缰核以及腹侧增新纹状体。视前区、下丘脑和边缘前脑的细胞积累与积累性类固醇的脑细胞的一般脊椎动物分布模式一致。这些相同区域中的一些可能参与控制雄激素依赖的行为，如求偶、交配、攻击以及垂体的反馈调节。
