Cooper Theodore V, Klesges Robert C, Robinson Leslie A, Zbikowski Susan M
University of Memphis Center for Community Health, Suite 675, 5350 Poplar Avenue, Memphis, TN 38119, USA.
Addict Behav. 2003 Apr;28(3):501-12. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4603(01)00258-1.
Although there is clearly an inverse relationship between smoking and body weight, recent studies suggest that weight attenuation via smoking is slow and may take decades to accrue. This investigation prospectively evaluated the relationships between smoking dosage (or lack thereof) and relative weight change in 1697 adolescents followed over 4 years. A 4 (smoking groups: 0, 1, 2, or 3 or more years of smoking exposure)x2 (ethnicity: Caucasian or African American)x2 (gender: male or female) analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to assess weight gain attenuation associated with increasing exposure to smoking. The overall results revealed a significant three-way interaction between smoking dosage, gender, and ethnicity. Specifically, smoking initiation was associated with an increase in body mass index (BMI) for 2 years after initiation. For those youth smoking 3 or more years, body weights were almost identical compared to never-smokers. No significant reductions in body weight were observed in any gender or ethnic group for up to 3 years after smoking initiation. It is concluded that smoking initiation is not associated with adolescent body weight change for at least a 3-year period.
虽然吸烟与体重之间显然存在负相关关系，但最近的研究表明，通过吸烟减轻体重的过程缓慢，可能需要数十年才能显现出来。这项调查前瞻性地评估了1697名青少年在4年期间吸烟剂量（或是否吸烟）与相对体重变化之间的关系。采用4（吸烟组：吸烟暴露0年、1年、2年或3年及以上）×2（种族：白种人或非裔美国人）×2（性别：男性或女性）方差分析（ANOVA）来评估与吸烟暴露增加相关的体重增加减缓情况。总体结果显示，吸烟剂量、性别和种族之间存在显著的三因素交互作用。具体而言，开始吸烟后的2年内，吸烟与体重指数（BMI）增加有关。对于那些吸烟3年及以上的青少年，其体重与从不吸烟者几乎相同。在开始吸烟后的3年内，任何性别或种族组均未观察到体重显著下降。研究得出结论，在至少3年的时间里，开始吸烟与青少年体重变化无关。
