Klesges R C, Ward K D, Ray J W, Cutter G, Jacobs D R, Wagenknecht L E
Department of Psychology, University of Memphis Prevention Center, Tennessee 38119, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1998 Dec;66(6):987-93.
This study examined the relationship between smoking status and weight change from baseline to Year 7 in a large biracial cohort, the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Unadjusted for covariates, only male smokers weighed less than nonsmokers, with no effect among women. Adjusted for covariates, male and female smokers weighed less than nonsmokers at baseline, adjusted for age, total energy intake, alcohol intake, and physical fitness. Over the 7-year follow-up, all smoking status groups gained weight, including continuous smokers and initiators. Weight gain was greatest among those who quit smoking. Weight gain attributable to smoking cessation was 4.2 kg for Whites and 6.6 kg for Blacks. Smoking had a small weight-attenuating effect on Blacks. No such effects, however, were observed among Whites. These results suggest, at least in younger smokers, that smoking has minimal impact on body weight.
本研究在一个大型双种族队列（青年成人冠状动脉风险发展研究）中，考察了吸烟状况与从基线到第7年体重变化之间的关系。在未对协变量进行调整时，只有男性吸烟者的体重低于不吸烟者，女性中则无此效应。在对年龄、总能量摄入、酒精摄入和身体素质进行协变量调整后，男性和女性吸烟者在基线时的体重均低于不吸烟者。在7年的随访中，所有吸烟状况组的体重都增加了，包括持续吸烟者和开始吸烟者。体重增加最多的是戒烟者。白人因戒烟导致的体重增加为4.2千克，黑人为6.6千克。吸烟对黑人有轻微的体重减轻作用。然而，在白人中未观察到此类效应。这些结果表明，至少在年轻吸烟者中，吸烟对体重的影响极小。
