Jones Timothy F, Woodley Charles L, Fountain Francis F, Schaffner William
Communicable and Environmental Disease Services, Tennessee Department of Health and Department of Preventive Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37247, USA.
South Med J. 2003 Feb;96(2):155-7. doi: 10.1097/01.SMJ.0000053678.62096.6F.
Between 1995 and 1997, a tuberculosis outbreak occurred in a large, urban jail. We investigated whether the outbreak strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) was circulating in the surrounding community after that outbreak.
We performed a retrospective cohort study of people with tuberculosis in Shelby County, TN, from January 1998 through August 1999, with molecular fingerprinting of M. tuberculosis strains.
From January 1998 through August 1999, 23% of cases in the community involved a strain of M. tuberculosis that was indistinguishable from the previous jail outbreak strain. Twelve people (63%) with that strain had no history of recent incarceration.
Two years after a tuberculosis outbreak in the jail, the outbreak strain was more prevalent in the surrounding community than it was during the jail outbreak. Jails can be important reservoirs of tuberculosis, which may subsequently circulate outside the institution. If efforts to eliminate tuberculosis are to be successful, the disease must be controlled successfully in such high-risk populations.
1995年至1997年期间，一座大型城市监狱爆发了结核病疫情。我们调查了在那次疫情之后，结核分枝杆菌（M. tuberculosis）的疫情菌株是否在周边社区传播。
我们对田纳西州谢尔比县1998年1月至1999年8月期间的结核病患者进行了一项回顾性队列研究，并对结核分枝杆菌菌株进行了分子指纹识别。
1998年1月至1999年8月期间，社区中23%的病例涉及一种与之前监狱疫情菌株无法区分的结核分枝杆菌菌株。感染该菌株的12人（63%）近期无监禁史。
监狱结核病疫情爆发两年后，疫情菌株在周边社区比在监狱疫情期间更为普遍。监狱可能是结核病的重要储存库，随后可能在机构外传播。如果要成功消除结核病，就必须在这类高危人群中成功控制该病。
