Curtis John
Rehabilitation Resource Centre, St Bartholomew School of Nursing and Midwifery, City University, London, UK.
Work. 2003;20(1):45-51.
In 1996, a paper (Floyd, 1996), on the Vocational Rehabilitation Services in the United Kingdom, reviewed the way in which the services had evolved during the past 50 years, since the end of the second world war. The author described the Disabled Persons (Employment) Act 1944 and the development of rehabilitation and placement services and sheltered workshops over the years. He also gave readers a glimpse of possible future changes, and, in particular, speculated that the UK might follow the United States in the professional training and development of employment and vocational rehabilitation personnel. This paper describes first the main services currently provided by Government and then outlines the quite significant legislative changes and one major policy development that have taken place in the past five years. This includes an overview of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 which came into force in late 1996, a brief look at some of the early outcomes, and describes the latest proposals for amendment. A description of the major policy development (New Deal for Disabled People) is also given but it is too soon to report on its effectiveness. Whether the changes will lead to any lasting improvement in labour market participation by disabled people, remains an unanswered question; certainly, up to the present, from a statistical point of view, it seems that the position remains much the same (Curtis J, forthcoming). The paper concludes with discussion of the latest key issues and returns to the question raised in 1996 about the training of employment and rehabilitation personnel.
1996年，一篇关于英国职业康复服务的论文（弗洛伊德，1996年）回顾了自第二次世界大战结束以来的50年里，这些服务的发展历程。作者描述了1944年的《残疾人（就业）法》以及多年来康复与安置服务和庇护工场的发展情况。他还让读者大致了解了未来可能发生的变化，尤其推测英国可能会在美国之后，对就业和职业康复人员进行专业培训与发展。本文首先介绍了政府目前提供的主要服务，然后概述了过去五年中发生的相当重大的立法变化和一项主要政策发展。这包括对1996年末生效的《1995年残疾歧视法》的概述、对一些早期成果的简要介绍，以及对最新修订提案的描述。还介绍了主要政策发展（残疾人新政），但现在报告其成效还为时过早。这些变化是否会导致残疾人在劳动力市场参与度方面有任何持久改善，仍是一个未解之谜；当然，从统计角度来看，目前情况似乎仍大致相同（柯蒂斯·J，即将发表）。本文最后讨论了最新的关键问题，并回到了1996年提出的关于就业和康复人员培训的问题。
