Costa Giovanni
Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Verona, Servizio di Sorveglianza Sanitaria, Italy.
Occup Med (Lond). 2003 Mar;53(2):83-8. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqg045.
In modern society, more and more people work during 'non-standard' working hours, including shift and night work, which are recognized risk factors for health, safety and social well-being. Suitable preventive and protective measures are required to mitigate the adverse effects and ensure that the worker can cope satisfactorily. These are based mainly on the organization of shift schedules according to ergonomic criteria and on specific medical surveillance. Occupational medicine has to consider very carefully the several factors (psycho-physiological, pathological and social) that can influence tolerance and/or maladaptation.
在现代社会，越来越多的人在“非标准”工作时间工作，包括轮班和夜班，这些被认为是影响健康、安全和社会福祉的风险因素。需要采取适当的预防和保护措施来减轻不利影响，并确保工人能够令人满意地应对。这些措施主要基于根据人体工程学标准安排轮班时间表以及进行特定的医学监测。职业医学必须非常仔细地考虑可能影响耐受性和/或适应不良的几个因素（心理生理、病理和社会因素）。
