黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的流行病学
Epidemiology of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer.
作者信息
Geller Alan C, Annas George D
机构信息
School of Medicine, and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, MA, USA.
出版信息
Semin Oncol Nurs. 2003 Feb;19(1):2-11. doi: 10.1053/sonu.2003.50000.
OBJECTIVES
To describe the epidemiology of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers.
DATA SOURCES
Review and research articles, book chapters, and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data.
CONCLUSIONS
In 2002, an estimated 1.3 million Americans were diagnosed with skin cancer. Of these, 53,000 individuals were diagnosed with melanoma, the most common fatal form of skin cancer, and more than 7,000 Americans died of melanoma. Nonmelanoma skin cancer has the highest incidence of all cancers and the rise in the rate of cutaneous melanoma exceeds all other preventable cancers.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE
Nurses can act as case-finders and as advocates and educators for prevention of overexposure to ultraviolet radiation. Nurses should ascertain possible inherited risk and monitor patients for additional primary skin cancers.
目的
描述黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的流行病学情况。
数据来源
综述及研究文章、书籍章节以及监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）数据。
结论
2002年，估计有130万美国人被诊断患有皮肤癌。其中，53000人被诊断患有黑色素瘤，这是最常见的致命性皮肤癌形式，超过7000名美国人死于黑色素瘤。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌在所有癌症中发病率最高，皮肤黑色素瘤发病率的上升超过了所有其他可预防的癌症。
对护理实践的启示
护士可作为病例发现者，并成为预防过度暴露于紫外线辐射的倡导者和教育者。护士应确定可能的遗传风险，并监测患者是否发生其他原发性皮肤癌。
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