Sondike Stephen B, Copperman Nancy, Jacobson Marc S
Division of Adolescent Medicine, Schneider Children's Hospital, New Hyde Park, New York 10128, USA.
J Pediatr. 2003 Mar;142(3):253-8. doi: 10.1067/mpd.2003.4.
To compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate (LC) diet with those of a low-fat (LF) diet on weight loss and serum lipids in overweight adolescents.
A randomized, controlled 12-week trial.
Atherosclerosis prevention referral center.
Random, nonblinded assignment of participants referred for weight management. The study group (LC) (n = 16) was instructed to consume <20 g of carbohydrate per day for 2 weeks, then <40 g/day for 10 weeks, and to eat LC foods according to hunger. The control group (LF) (n = 14) was instructed to consume <30% of energy from fat. Diet composition and weight were monitored and recorded every 2 weeks. Serum lipid profiles were obtained at the start of the study and after 12 weeks.
The LC group lost more weight (mean, 9.9 +/- 9.3 kg vs 4.1 +/- 4.9 kg, P <.05) and had improvement in non-HDL cholesterol levels (P <.05). There was improvement in LDL cholesterol levels (P <.05) in the LF group but not in the LC group. There were no adverse effects on the lipid profiles of participants in either group.
The LC diet appears to be an effective method for short-term weight loss in overweight adolescents and does not harm the lipid profile.
比较低碳水化合物（LC）饮食与低脂（LF）饮食对超重青少年体重减轻和血脂的影响。
一项为期12周的随机对照试验。
动脉粥样硬化预防转诊中心。
对因体重管理前来就诊的参与者进行随机、非盲法分组。研究组（LC组）（n = 16）被要求在2周内每天摄入少于20克碳水化合物，然后在10周内每天摄入少于40克，并根据饥饿程度食用低碳水化合物食物。对照组（LF组）（n = 14）被要求脂肪供能占比低于30%。每2周监测并记录饮食组成和体重。在研究开始时和12周后获取血脂谱。
LC组体重减轻更多（平均9.9±9.3千克对4.1±4.9千克，P<.05），非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平有所改善（P<.05）。LF组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平有所改善（P<.05），而LC组未改善。两组参与者的血脂谱均未出现不良反应。
低碳水化合物饮食似乎是超重青少年短期减肥的有效方法，且不会损害血脂谱。
