Rooks Veronica J, Chung Taylor, Connor Linda, Zurakowski David, Hoffer Frederic A, Mason Keira P, Burrows Patricia E
Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115,USA.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003 Apr;180(4):1125-8. doi: 10.2214/ajr.180.4.1801125.
The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of oral cherry-flavored pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal) and oral chloral hydrate to sedate infants undergoing radiologic imaging.
We prospectively recorded data for all infants sedated with oral cherry-flavored pentobarbital sodium and oral chloral hydrate for imaging examinations between January 1997 and August 1999. The parameters recorded were each patient's age, weight, and American Society of Anesthesiologists classification; the time required to sedate; the total length of sedation time; the time required to discharge from the recovery room; and adverse events. The two-sample Student's t test and Fisher's exact test were used for statistical analysis.
Oral pentobarbital sodium was administered to 317 infants. These infants had a mean age +/- SD of 6.9 +/- 3.1 months and a mean weight of 7.8 +/- 4.8 kg; they received a median dose of 4 mg/kg of body weight. Oral chloral hydrate was administered to 358 infants. These infants had a mean age of 5.9 +/- 3.3 months and a mean weight of 7.3 +/- 4.9 kg; they received a median dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight. The mean time required to sedate was 19 +/- 14 min for infants receiving oral pentobarbital sodium and 16 +/- 11 min for infants receiving oral chloral hydrate (p = 0.02); the mean time required to discharge was 100 +/- 35 min for infants in the oral pentobarbital sodium group and 103 +/- 36 min for infants in the oral chloral hydrate group (p = 0.31); the mean length of sedation was 81 +/- 34 min for the oral pentobarbital sodium group and 86 +/- 36 min for the oral chloral hydrate group (p = 0.07); and median American Society of Anesthesiologists classification for both groups was P1. Oral pentobarbital sodium was inadequate for sedation in one patient (0.3%) and chloral hydrate was inadequate for sedation in another (0.3%) (p = 1.00). Adverse events were recorded for five patients (1.6%) in the oral pentobarbital sodium group and for six patients (1.7%) in the chloral hydrate group (p = 0.99).
Oral pentobarbital sodium is as safe and efficacious as oral chloral hydrate for sedating infants.
本研究旨在比较口服樱桃味戊巴比妥钠（速可眠）和水合氯醛对接受放射成像检查的婴儿进行镇静的安全性和有效性。
我们前瞻性地记录了1997年1月至1999年8月期间所有接受口服樱桃味戊巴比妥钠和水合氯醛进行成像检查镇静的婴儿的数据。记录的参数包括每位患者的年龄、体重和美国麻醉医师协会分级；镇静所需时间；镇静总时长；从恢复室出院所需时间；以及不良事件。采用两样本t检验和Fisher精确检验进行统计分析。
317名婴儿接受了口服戊巴比妥钠。这些婴儿的平均年龄±标准差为6.9±3.1个月，平均体重为7.8±4.8千克；他们接受的中位剂量为4毫克/千克体重。358名婴儿接受了口服水合氯醛。这些婴儿的平均年龄为5.9±3.3个月，平均体重为7.3±4.9千克；他们接受的中位剂量为50毫克/千克体重。接受口服戊巴比妥钠的婴儿镇静平均所需时间为19±14分钟，接受口服水合氯醛的婴儿为16±11分钟（p = 0.02）；口服戊巴比妥钠组婴儿出院平均所需时间为100±35分钟，口服水合氯醛组婴儿为103±36分钟（p = 0.31）；口服戊巴比妥钠组镇静平均时长为81±34分钟，口服水合氯醛组为86±36分钟（p = 0.07）；两组美国麻醉医师协会分级中位数均为P1。口服戊巴比妥钠对1例患者（0.3%）镇静不足，水合氯醛对另1例患者（0.3%）镇静不足（p = 1.00）。口服戊巴比妥钠组有5例患者（1.6%）记录到不良事件，水合氯醛组有6例患者（1.7%）记录到不良事件（p = 0.99）。
口服戊巴比妥钠对婴儿镇静的安全性和有效性与口服水合氯醛相当。
