Thaung U, Ming C K, Swe T, Thein S
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1975 Jun;6(2):276-83.
A serological survey for antibody to dengue and chikungunya was carried out in all 14 divisions and states and 2 border towns in Burma during 1973-74. Dengue HI antibody prevalence rate of less than 10% was observed in Arakan and Shan States, 10 to 30% in the Irrawaddy, Pegu, Mandalay Divisions and Kachin, Mon and Karen States, 31 to 60% in Sagaing Division, and over 60% in Rangoon, Magwe and Tenasserim Divisions. Similarly, chikungunya HI antibody prevalence rate of less than 10% was observed in Arakan State, 10 to 30% in the Irrawaddy, Pegu, Mandalay and Sagaing Divisions and Kachin State, 31 to 60% in Rangoon Division and Mon State. Both dengue and chikungunya antibodies were detected where Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were prevalent but the antibody prevalent rates were not directly proportional to the premises index. No HI antibody to dengue nor chikungunya was detected in Aedes aegypti free hilly areas, Chin and Kayah States, but was detected in the Shan State, Dengue and chikungunya infections were observed both in rural and urban populations. Dengue and chikungunya infections affected all socioeconomic classes in Rangoon equally but in Mandalay high socioeconomic class was nearly 3 times less affected than lower socioeconomic class. The infrequencies of dengue and chikungunya infections were observed to be 2 to 3 times higher in residents of Rangoon City than those of other towns. In Rangoon the antibody prevalence rates to dengue increased progressively with age while in other towns no appreciable increase in rates with age was observed. Both sexes were equally affected. This study provides strong circumstantial evidence that dengue and chikungunya viruses are highly and widely distributed throughout Burma, and that new outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever could occur in previously free areas following introduction of dengue viruses into populations previously exposed to one type of dengue.
1973 - 1974年期间，在缅甸的所有14个行政区和邦以及2个边境城镇开展了一项针对登革热和基孔肯雅热抗体的血清学调查。在若开邦和掸邦，登革热血凝抑制（HI）抗体流行率低于10%；在伊洛瓦底江、勃固、曼德勒行政区以及克钦邦、孟邦和克伦邦，流行率为10%至30%；在实皆行政区，流行率为31%至60%；在仰光、马圭和德林达依行政区，流行率超过60%。同样，在若开邦，基孔肯雅热HI抗体流行率低于10%；在伊洛瓦底江、勃固、曼德勒和实皆行政区以及克钦邦，流行率为10%至30%；在仰光行政区和孟邦，流行率为31%至60%。在埃及伊蚊盛行的地方均检测到了登革热和基孔肯雅热抗体，但抗体流行率与房屋指数并不直接成正比。在没有埃及伊蚊的钦邦和克耶邦山区未检测到登革热或基孔肯雅热的HI抗体，但在掸邦检测到了。在农村和城市人口中均观察到了登革热和基孔肯雅热感染。登革热和基孔肯雅热感染对仰光所有社会经济阶层的影响相同，但在曼德勒，高社会经济阶层受影响的程度比低社会经济阶层低近3倍。据观察，仰光市居民感染登革热和基孔肯雅热的频率比其他城镇居民高2至3倍。在仰光，登革热抗体流行率随年龄增长而逐渐升高，而在其他城镇，未观察到流行率随年龄有明显升高。男女受影响程度相同。这项研究提供了有力的间接证据，表明登革热和基孔肯雅热病毒在缅甸高度广泛分布，并且在以前接触过一种登革热病毒的人群中引入登革热病毒后，以前未出现过疫情的地区可能会发生新的出血热疫情。
