Song Yen-Ling, Yu Chun-I, Lien Tzu-Wen, Huang Chih-Cheng, Lin Min-Nan
Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 106, Republic of China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2003 Apr;14(4):317-31. doi: 10.1006/fsim.2002.0440.
Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were injected with Taura syndrome virus (TSV) to assess shrimp immune responses and survival. TSV-infected shrimp suffered high mortality, but mock-infected and untreated shrimp experienced no mortality. Moribund shrimp were a pale, reddish colour and were lethargic and soft-shelled. Their haemolymph was clear red and coagulated poorly. In TSV-infected shrimp, the total haemocyte count (THC), hyalinocyte and granulocyte counts, and total plasma protein decreased significantly to 21%, 24%, 17% and 56% of untreated control values, respectively. Haemocyanin decreased to 67%, and clottable proteins to 80% of control values (P< 0.01). Copper and calcium ions, haemocytic transglutaminase (TGase) activity and plasma growth inhibitory activity against Vibrio harveyi also decreased significantly. Generation of intrahaemocytic superoxide anion, O(-2), in TSV-infected shrimp was significantly greater (P< 0.05) than in both control groups, no matter whether glucan stimulated or unstimulated. But the relative increase of intrahaemocytic O(-2) generation in TSV-infected shrimp response to glucan stimulation was lower in both controls. Plasma phenoloxidase (PO) activity increased significantly in TSV-infected shrimp. The plasma bacterial agglutinin titre against E. coli and V. harveyi, growth inhibition of E. coli and the concentration of magnesium ions in TSV-infected shrimp did not change significantly. In conclusion, ten of thirteen haemolymph parameters changed significantly during the host-TSV interaction. These parameters might be valuable references of shrimp health status.
将桃拉综合征病毒（TSV）注射到凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）体内，以评估对虾的免疫反应和存活率。感染TSV的对虾死亡率很高，但模拟感染和未处理的对虾未出现死亡情况。濒死对虾体色呈淡红色，行动迟缓且外壳柔软。它们的血淋巴呈清澈的红色，凝血功能较差。在感染TSV的对虾中，血细胞总数（THC）、透明细胞和颗粒细胞计数以及血浆总蛋白分别显著下降至未处理对照值的21%、24%、17%和56%。血蓝蛋白降至对照值的67%，可凝血蛋白降至对照值的80%（P<0.01）。铜离子和钙离子、血细胞转谷氨酰胺酶（TGase）活性以及对哈维氏弧菌的血浆生长抑制活性也显著下降。无论是否受到葡聚糖刺激，感染TSV的对虾血细胞内超氧阴离子O(-2)的生成量均显著高于两个对照组（P<0.05）。但在两个对照组中，感染TSV的对虾在对葡聚糖刺激的反应中，血细胞内O(-2)生成量的相对增加幅度较低。感染TSV的对虾血浆酚氧化酶（PO）活性显著增加。感染TSV的对虾针对大肠杆菌和哈维氏弧菌的血浆细菌凝集素效价、对大肠杆菌的生长抑制作用以及镁离子浓度均无显著变化。总之，在宿主与TSV相互作用过程中，13个血淋巴参数中有10个发生了显著变化。这些参数可能是对虾健康状况的有价值参考指标。
