Ikada Y, Iwata H, Horii F, Matsunaga T, Taniguchi M, Suzuki M, Taki W, Yamagata S, Yonekawa Y, Handa H
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto-Fu, Japan.
J Biomed Mater Res. 1981 Sep;15(5):697-718. doi: 10.1002/jbm.820150507.
Blood compatibility has been studied for hydrophilic polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), its derivative, and polyethylene grafted with water-soluble monomers. The surfaces in contact with electrolyte solutions have been characterized by measuring the zeta potentials. The study of plasma protein adsorption on these polymers has revealed that bovine serum albumin as well as bovine serum fibrinogen adsorbs to a lesser extent as the hydrophilicity of the polymers increases. Platelet deposition and fibrin formation, examined using platelet-rich plasma, have been found to take place less significantly on PVA as well as sodium acrylate- and acrylamide-grafted polyethylene than on nongrafted and acrylic acid-grafted polyethylene. Ex vivo experiments with canine whole blood have shown that formation of thrombus on PVA is less than on siliconized glass but increases upon heat treatment which reduces the hydrophilicity. When PVA tubes of about 1 mm diameter are anastomosed to the carotid artery of rat, the patency rate is found to depend strongly on the anastomotic technique. From the results on the zeta potential and the experiments in vitro and ex vivo it can be concluded that the material having a surface from which solvated, neutral chains are extended into the outer aqueous phase may exhibit excellent resistance to thrombus formation.
人们已经对亲水性聚合物的血液相容性进行了研究，比如聚乙烯醇（PVA）、其衍生物以及接枝了水溶性单体的聚乙烯。通过测量zeta电位对与电解质溶液接触的表面进行了表征。对这些聚合物上血浆蛋白吸附的研究表明，随着聚合物亲水性的增加，牛血清白蛋白以及牛血清纤维蛋白原的吸附程度降低。使用富血小板血浆进行检测发现，与未接枝和丙烯酸接枝的聚乙烯相比，PVA以及丙烯酸钠和丙烯酰胺接枝的聚乙烯上的血小板沉积和纤维蛋白形成不太明显。犬全血的体外实验表明，PVA上血栓的形成比硅化玻璃上少，但热处理后血栓形成增加，热处理会降低亲水性。当将直径约1毫米的PVA管与大鼠颈动脉吻合时，发现通畅率很大程度上取决于吻合技术。从zeta电位的结果以及体外和体内实验可以得出结论，表面具有溶剂化中性链延伸到外部水相的材料可能表现出优异的抗血栓形成能力。
