Liu Ruhai, Wang Qichao, Lu Xianguo, Fang Fengman, Wang Yan
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agriculture Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3195 Gaoxin Road, 130012, Changchun, China.
Environ Pollut. 2003;124(1):39-46. doi: 10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00432-3.
Most reports on mercury (Hg) in boreal ecosystems are from the Nordic countries and North America. Comparatively little information is available on Hg in wetlands in China. We present here a study on Hg in the Tangwang River forested catchment of the Xiaoxing'an Mountain in the northeast of China. The average total Hg (THg) in peat profile ranged from 65.8 to 186.6 ng g(-1) dry wt with the highest at the depth of 5-10 cm. THg in the peat surface was higher than the background in Heilongjiang province, the Florida Everglades, and Birkeness in Sweden. MethylHg (MeHg) concentration ranged from 0.16 to 1.86 ng g(-1) dry wt, with the highest amount at 10-15 cm depth. MeHg content was 0.2-1.2% of THg. THg and MeHg all decreased with the depth. THg in upland layer of soil (0-20 cm) was comparable to the peat surface, but in deeper layers THg concentration in peat was much higher than that in the forested mineral soil. THg in the peat bog increased, but MeHg decreased after it was drained. THg content in plant was different; THg contents in moss (119 ng g(-1) dry wt, n=12) were much higher than in the herbage, the arbor, and the shrubs. The peat bog has mainly been contaminated by Hg deposition from the atmosphere.
关于北方生态系统中汞(Hg)的大多数报告来自北欧国家和北美。相比之下,中国湿地中汞的信息较少。我们在此展示一项关于中国东北小兴安岭汤旺河森林集水区汞的研究。泥炭剖面中总汞(THg)的平均含量在65.8至186.6纳克/克干重之间,在5 - 10厘米深度处最高。泥炭表层的总汞高于黑龙江省、佛罗里达大沼泽地和瑞典比尔克内斯的背景值。甲基汞(MeHg)浓度在0.16至1.86纳克/克干重之间,在10 - 15厘米深度处含量最高。甲基汞含量占总汞的0.2 - 1.2%。总汞和甲基汞均随深度降低。土壤上层(0 - 20厘米)的总汞与泥炭表层相当,但在更深层,泥炭中的总汞浓度远高于森林矿质土壤中的。泥炭沼泽排水后,总汞增加,但甲基汞减少。植物中的总汞含量不同;苔藓中的总汞含量(119纳克/克干重,n = 12)远高于草本植物、乔木和灌木。泥炭沼泽主要受到大气汞沉降的污染。