Rabe-Jabłońska Jolanta, Dietrich-Muszalska Anna, Gmitrowicz Agnieszka
II Kliniki Psychiatrycznej Katedry Psychiatrii AM w Łodzi.
Psychiatr Pol. 2003 Jan-Feb;37(1):87-95.
Recent epidemiological studies have produced a remarkable variation in the estimated life-time prevalence of social phobia, ranking from 0.5% to 22.6%. About 95% of social phobia occurs prior to the age of 20, approximately 40% prior to the age of 10. Studies of mainly patient samples report a mean age of onset of 14.6 to 20 years.
In co-operation with GUS, the year 2000 we assessed with a specially prepared questionnaire including DSM-IV criteria for social phobia and CIDI, the prevalence of specific and generalised type of social phobia in a representative group of adolescent population from Łódź. Subjects of the study (n = 1929) were chosen from 36450 adolescents.
We found, that generalised social phobia was present in 7% of subjects, specific subtype in 17% of subjects, more frequently in women than in men (p < 0.05), with the same prevalence in adolescents from various type of schools. 15% of adolescents with social phobia were alcohol or psychoactive drug abusers, 5% attempted suicide.
Only 1/4th of adolescents with social phobia was in psychological or psychiatric therapy. Subjects with social phobia have a high risk of other comorbid psychiatric disorders and significant worsening of social functioning.
近期的流行病学研究显示，社交恐惧症的终生患病率估计值存在显著差异，范围从0.5%至22.6%。约95%的社交恐惧症在20岁之前出现，约40%在10岁之前出现。主要针对患者样本的研究报告称，平均发病年龄为14.6至20岁。
2000年，我们与波兰中央统计局合作，使用一份特别编制的问卷进行评估，该问卷包含社交恐惧症的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准以及复合性国际诊断访谈表，以调查罗兹市具有代表性的青少年群体中特定型和泛化型社交恐惧症的患病率。研究对象（n = 1929）从36450名青少年中选取。
我们发现，泛化型社交恐惧症在7%的研究对象中存在，特定亚型在17%的研究对象中存在，女性比男性更常见（p < 0.05），在各类学校的青少年中患病率相同。15%患有社交恐惧症的青少年存在酒精或精神活性药物滥用问题，5%曾尝试自杀。
患有社交恐惧症的青少年中只有四分之一接受了心理或精神治疗。社交恐惧症患者有患其他共病精神障碍的高风险，且社会功能会显著恶化。
