Zarafshan Hadi, Mohammadi Mohammad-Reza, Salmanian Maryam
Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry. 2015;10(1):1-7.
We aimed to conduct a review to investigate the prevalence of anxiety disorders among Iranian children and adolescents.
We systematically reviewed the literature up to June 2014. We searched three Persian databases (Magiran, IranMedex and SID) and three English databases: PubMed, Scopus and PsycINFO. All original studies that investigated the current prevalence of anxiety in a sample of Iranian children and adolescents were entered into the study. All studies conducted on special samples or in special settings were excluded. By searching English databases, we obtained 124 original studies. After removing duplicate papers, 120 articles remained. In the next step, we screened the articles based on their title. In sum, 95 Persian and English articles had relevant titles. After screening based on the abstract and full text, 26 studies remained. After screening based on the full text, all selected studies were qualitatively assessed by two evaluators separately.
Twenty five studies were eligible and reported different types of anxiety disorders (i.e., generalized anxiety, separation anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, phobias and panic disorder). The samples varied from 81 to 2996 among studies and their age range was 5 to 18 years. These studies were conducted in different cities of Iran. SCL-90 is a frequently used questionnaire. All anxiety disorders were mostly investigated with the prevalence rates ranging from 6.8% in Saravan to 85% in Bandar Abbas. OCD was the second common study with prevalence rates ranging from 1% in Tabriz to 11.9% in Gorgan.
Our findings revealed considerable amount of anxiety disorder among Iranian children and adolescents. Given the fact that anxiety disorder has negative effects on the well-being and function of individuals and can lead to severe problems, this disorder should be considered in mental health programs designed for children and adolescents.
我们旨在进行一项综述，以调查伊朗儿童和青少年中焦虑症的患病率。
我们系统地回顾了截至2014年6月的文献。我们检索了三个波斯语数据库（Magiran、IranMedex和SID）以及三个英语数据库：PubMed、Scopus和PsycINFO。所有调查伊朗儿童和青少年样本中当前焦虑症患病率的原创性研究均纳入本研究。所有针对特殊样本或在特殊环境下进行的研究均被排除。通过检索英语数据库，我们获得了124项原创性研究。去除重复论文后，还剩下120篇文章。下一步，我们根据文章标题进行筛选。总之，95篇波斯语和英语文章有相关标题。在根据摘要和全文进行筛选后，还剩下26项研究。在根据全文进行筛选后，所有选定的研究由两名评估人员分别进行定性评估。
25项研究符合条件，并报告了不同类型的焦虑症（即广泛性焦虑、分离焦虑、强迫症、恐惧症和惊恐障碍）。各研究中的样本数量从81到2996不等，年龄范围为5至18岁。这些研究在伊朗的不同城市进行。SCL - 90是常用的问卷。所有焦虑症的调查患病率大多在6.8%（在萨拉万）至85%（在阿巴斯港）之间。强迫症是第二项常见的研究，患病率在大不里士为1%至戈尔甘为11.9%之间。
我们的研究结果显示伊朗儿童和青少年中存在相当数量的焦虑症。鉴于焦虑症会对个人的幸福和功能产生负面影响，并可能导致严重问题，在为儿童和青少年设计的心理健康项目中应考虑到这种疾病。
