慢性精神分裂症患者梭状回体积减小与面部识别能力
Fusiform gyrus volume reduction and facial recognition in chronic schizophrenia.
作者信息
Onitsuka Toshiaki, Shenton Martha E, Kasai Kiyoto, Nestor Paul G, Toner Sarah K, Kikinis Ron, Jolesz Ferenc A, McCarley Robert W
机构信息
Clinical Neuroscience Division, Laboratory of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton, MA 02301, USA.
出版信息
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003 Apr;60(4):349-55. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.60.4.349.
BACKGROUND
The fusiform gyrus (FG), or occipitotemporal gyrus, is thought to subserve the processing and encoding of faces. Of note, several studies have reported that patients with schizophrenia show deficits in facial processing. It is thus hypothesized that the FG might be one brain region underlying abnormal facial recognition in schizophrenia. The objectives of this study were to determine whether there are abnormalities in gray matter volumes for the anterior and the posterior FG in patients with chronic schizophrenia and to investigate relationships between FG subregions and immediate and delayed memory for faces.
METHODS
Patients were recruited from the Boston VA Healthcare System, Brockton Division, and control subjects were recruited through newspaper advertisement. Study participants included 21 male patients diagnosed as having chronic schizophrenia and 28 male controls. Participants underwent high-spatial-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, and facial recognition memory was evaluated. Main outcome measures included anterior and posterior FG gray matter volumes based on high-spatial-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, a detailed and reliable manual delineation using 3-dimensional information, and correlation coefficients between FG subregions and raw scores on immediate and delayed facial memory derived from the Wechsler Memory Scale III.
RESULTS
Patients with chronic schizophrenia had overall smaller FG gray matter volumes (10%) than normal controls. Additionally, patients with schizophrenia performed more poorly than normal controls in both immediate and delayed facial memory tests. Moreover, the degree of poor performance on delayed memory for faces was significantly correlated with the degree of bilateral anterior FG reduction in patients with schizophrenia.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that neuroanatomic FG abnormalities underlie at least some of the deficits associated with facial recognition in schizophrenia.
背景
梭状回（FG），即枕颞回，被认为参与面部信息的处理与编码。值得注意的是，多项研究报告称精神分裂症患者在面部处理方面存在缺陷。因此，有人提出假设，FG可能是精神分裂症患者面部识别异常的一个脑区基础。本研究的目的是确定慢性精神分裂症患者前、后FG的灰质体积是否存在异常，并研究FG亚区与面部即时和延迟记忆之间的关系。
方法
患者从波士顿退伍军人医疗系统布罗克顿分部招募，对照受试者通过报纸广告招募。研究参与者包括21名被诊断为慢性精神分裂症的男性患者和28名男性对照。参与者接受了高空间分辨率磁共振成像检查，并对面部识别记忆进行了评估。主要观察指标包括基于高空间分辨率磁共振成像的前、后FG灰质体积，使用三维信息进行的详细且可靠的手动描绘，以及FG亚区与韦氏记忆量表III中面部即时和延迟记忆原始分数之间的相关系数。
结果
慢性精神分裂症患者的FG灰质总体积比正常对照小（10%）。此外，精神分裂症患者在面部即时和延迟记忆测试中的表现均比正常对照差。而且，精神分裂症患者面部延迟记忆表现不佳的程度与双侧前FG减少的程度显著相关。
结论
这些结果表明，神经解剖学上的FG异常至少是精神分裂症患者面部识别相关缺陷的部分原因。
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