Waldt Simone, Rechl Hans, Rummeny Ernst J, Woertler Klaus
Department of Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
Eur Radiol. 2003 May;13(5):1125-36. doi: 10.1007/s00330-002-1604-y. Epub 2002 Sep 26.
The foot is a relatively uncommon site of neoplastic and non-neoplastic soft tissue tumors. Although it contains a relatively small amount of somatic soft tissue elements, the foot is considerably rich in tendons, fasciae, retinaculae, and synovium. Corresponding to this distribution of soft tissue elements, some soft tissue lesions, such as giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, fibromatosis, and synovial sarcoma, are commonly seen in this location. Vascular tumors represent common soft tissue masses of the foot as well. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice in the assessment of soft tissue tumors. The presence of a suspected lesion can be confirmed and tumor margins can be defined accurately. In general, MRI does not provide histologic specificity, but considering some MR features may often help in correctly distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. In addition, characteristic features of the most common benign tumors (i.e., fibromatosis, cavernous hemangioma) and reactive processes of the foot (ganglion cyst, Morton's neuroma) often suggest a specific diagnosis.
足部是肿瘤性和非肿瘤性软组织肿瘤相对少见的部位。尽管足部所含的躯体软组织成分相对较少，但肌腱、筋膜、支持带和滑膜却相当丰富。与这种软组织成分的分布相对应，一些软组织病变，如腱鞘巨细胞瘤、纤维瘤病和滑膜肉瘤，在该部位较为常见。血管肿瘤也是足部常见的软组织肿块。磁共振成像（MRI）是评估软组织肿瘤的首选方式。可疑病变的存在可以得到确认，肿瘤边界也能被准确界定。一般来说，MRI不能提供组织学特异性，但考虑一些MRI特征通常有助于正确区分良性和恶性病变。此外，足部最常见的良性肿瘤（即纤维瘤病、海绵状血管瘤）的特征以及反应性病变（腱鞘囊肿、 Morton神经瘤）往往提示特定的诊断。
