Woertler Klaus
Department of Radiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2005 Sep;9(3):227-42. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-921942.
Benign neoplasms and tumor-like lesions constitute the majority of soft tissue masses in the foot and ankle. Therefore, malignant tumors are often unsuspected at this site and misdiagnosed clinically, especially if occurring in young individuals with unspecific or long-standing clinical symptoms. In addition to radiography, MR imaging represents the method of choice in evaluation of foot tumors. Because of their relatively characteristic imaging appearance, in most cases of benign soft tissue lesions of the foot and ankle a specific diagnosis can be suggested. Unfortunately, malignant tumors can also arise with nonaggressive imaging features. Diagnostic errors can be avoided if any soft tissue lesion that cannot be specifically diagnosed is regarded as potentially malignant until proved otherwise. This article reviews the MR appearance of the most common benign and malignant soft tissue masses in the foot and ankle together with their clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings.
良性肿瘤和肿瘤样病变构成了足踝部软组织肿块的大部分。因此,恶性肿瘤在此部位常常未被怀疑,临床上容易误诊,尤其是在有非特异性或长期临床症状的年轻患者中。除了X线摄影,磁共振成像(MR)是评估足部肿瘤的首选方法。由于其相对具有特征性的影像表现,在大多数足踝部良性软组织病变的病例中,可以提出特异性诊断。不幸的是,恶性肿瘤也可能表现为不具有侵袭性的影像特征。如果任何不能明确诊断的软组织病变在未被证伪之前都被视为潜在恶性,就可以避免诊断错误。本文回顾了足踝部最常见的良性和恶性软组织肿块的MR表现,以及它们的临床、X线和病理表现。