Kitzmann Katherine M, Gaylord Noni K, Holt Aimee R, Kenny Erin D
Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Tennessee 38152-3230, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003 Apr;71(2):339-52. doi: 10.1037/0022-006x.71.2.339.
This meta-analysis examined 118 studies of the psychosocial outcomes of children exposed to interparental violence. Correlational studies showed a significant association between exposure and child problems (d = -0.29). Group comparison studies showed that witnesses had significantly worse outcomes relative to nonwitnesses (d = -0.40) and children from verbally aggressive homes (d = -0.28). but witnesses' outcomes were not significantly different from those of physically abused children (d = 0.15) or physically abused witnesses (d = 0.13). Several methodological variables moderated these results. Similar effects were found across a range of outcomes, with slight evidence for greater risk among preschoolers. Recommendations for future research are made, taking into account practical and theoretical issues in this area.
这项荟萃分析研究了118项关于遭受父母间暴力的儿童心理社会后果的研究。相关性研究表明，暴露于暴力环境与儿童问题之间存在显著关联（d=-0.29）。组间比较研究表明，目睹暴力的儿童相对于未目睹者（d=-0.40）以及来自言语攻击型家庭的儿童（d=-0.28），其后果显著更差。但是，目睹暴力的儿童与遭受身体虐待的儿童（d=0.15）或遭受身体虐待的目睹者（d=0.13）的后果并无显著差异。几个方法学变量调节了这些结果。在一系列结果中都发现了类似的影响，有轻微证据表明学龄前儿童面临的风险更大。考虑到该领域的实际和理论问题，对未来研究提出了建议。
