Khosla Sundeep, Bilezikian John P
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, 200 First Street SW, 5-194 Joseph, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2003 Mar;32(1):195-218. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8529(02)00087-7.
The past years several have witnessed a significant transformation in our understanding of sex steroid action in the male and female skeleton. Data from animal and human studies indicate that sex steroids have important skeletal effects in both genders. It seems from the in vivo human data that estrogen is likely more potent than testosterone in inhibiting bone resorption. Estrogen and testosterone appear to be important for maintaining bone formation. In addition, androgens clearly enhance bone size, likely through effects on periosteal bone formation. How much of this gender cross-talk at the physiological level is caused by "promiscuous" actions of sex steroids at the molecular level, with estrogen acting by way of the androgen receptor (and androgens via the estrogen receptor) is an interesting and important question, the answer to which may well provide additional surprises.
在过去几年中，我们对性类固醇在男性和女性骨骼中作用的理解发生了重大转变。来自动物和人体研究的数据表明，性类固醇对两性骨骼都有重要影响。从人体体内数据来看，雌激素在抑制骨吸收方面似乎比睾酮更有效。雌激素和睾酮对于维持骨形成似乎都很重要。此外，雄激素显然会增大骨骼尺寸，可能是通过对骨膜骨形成的作用实现的。在生理水平上，这种性别间的相互作用在多大程度上是由性类固醇在分子水平上的“混杂”作用引起的，即雌激素通过雄激素受体起作用（雄激素通过雌激素受体起作用），这是一个有趣且重要的问题，其答案很可能会带来更多惊喜。
