孟加拉国农村地区的食物消费、能量和营养摄入以及营养状况：1981 - 1982年至1995 - 1996年的变化

Food consumption, energy and nutrient intake and nutritional status in rural Bangladesh: changes from 1981-1982 to 1995-96.

作者信息

Hels O, Hassan N, Tetens I, Haraksingh Thilsted S

机构信息

Research Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.

出版信息

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Apr;57(4):586-94. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601567.

DOI:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601567

PMID:12700621

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine and evaluate changes in nutritional status, food consumption, energy and nutrient intake in rural Bangladesh, using appropriate statistical analyses.

DESIGN

Repeated cross-sectional surveys. Two seasons in 1981-1982 and 1995-1996.

SETTING

Two villages with different production patterns.

SUBJECTS

Anthropometric measurements of 1883 individuals, food consumption data of 404 households.

METHODS

Repeated measurements of one-day food weighing and anthropometry in two seasons in 1981-1982 and 1995-1996. Mixed model analyses were used to evaluate and quantify temporal changes and their interactions with determinants.

RESULTS

Prevalence of underweight children decreased from 82 to 70% (P=0.015), wasted children from 34% to 18% (P=0.009) and chronic energy deficient adults decreased from 78 to 64% (P<0.0001). Intake of fish and green leafy vegetables increased from (l.s. mean+/-s.e.) 23+/-3.0 to 40+/-1.8 g/person/day (P<0.001) and from 28+/-4.5 to 41+/-2.7 g/person/day (P=0.019), respectively. Rice intake remained unchanged: 463+/-12 g raw/person/day in 1981-1982 and 450+/-7.3 g raw/person/day in 1995-1996 (P=0.355). Calcium and iron intakes increased by 40% (P<0.0001) and 16% (P=0.0002), respectively, whereas vitamin A intake remained unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS

Nutritional status improved and intakes of nutrient dense food groups, fat, iron and calcium increased from 1981-1982 to 1995-1996.

摘要

目的

运用适当的统计分析方法，确定并评估孟加拉国农村地区营养状况、食物消费、能量及营养摄入的变化情况。

设计

重复横断面调查。调查时间为1981 - 1982年和1995 - 1996年的两个季节。

地点

两个生产模式不同的村庄。

研究对象

对1883人进行人体测量，收集404户家庭的食物消费数据。

方法

在1981 - 1982年和1995 - 1996年的两个季节，对一日食物称重和人体测量进行重复测量。采用混合模型分析来评估和量化时间变化及其与决定因素的相互作用。

结果

体重不足儿童的患病率从82%降至70%（P = 0.015），消瘦儿童从34%降至18%（P = 0.009），慢性能量缺乏成年人从78%降至64%（P < 0.0001）。鱼类和绿叶蔬菜的摄入量分别从（最小二乘均值±标准误）每人每天23±3.0克增至40±1.8克（P < 0.001），以及从每人每天28±4.5克增至41±2.7克（P = 0.019）。大米摄入量保持不变：1981 - 1982年为每人每天463±12克生米，1995 - 1996年为每人每天450±7.3克生米（P = 0.355）。钙和铁的摄入量分别增加了40%（P < 0.0001）和16%（P = 0.0002），而维生素A的摄入量保持不变。