Biswas Anirban, Deb Debasree, Ghose Aloke, Santra Subhas Chandra, Guha Mazumder Debendra Nath
Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India,
Environ Monit Assess. 2014 Jul;186(7):4543-51. doi: 10.1007/s10661-014-3718-5. Epub 2014 Mar 28.
Exposure to arsenic in arsenic endemic areas is most remarkable environmental health challenges. Although effects of arsenic contamination are well established, reports are unavailable on probable seasonal variation due to changes of food habit depending on winter and summer seasons, especially for endemic regions of Nadia district, West Bengal. Complete 24-h diets, drinking-cooking water, first morning voided urine samples, and diet history were analyzed on 25 volunteers in arsenic endemic Chakdah block of Nadia district, once in summer followed by once in winter from the same participants. Results depicted no seasonal variation of body weight and body mass index. Arsenic concentration of source drinking and cooking water decreased (p = 0.04) from 26 μg L(-1) in summer to 6 μg L(-1) in winter season. We recorded a seasonal decrease of water intake in male (3.8 and 2.5 L day (-1)) and female (2.6 and 1.2 L day(-1)) participants from summer to winter. Arsenic intake through drinking water decreased (p = 0.04) in winter (29 μg day(-1)) than in summer (100 μg day(-1)), and urinary arsenic concentration decreased (p = 0.018) in winter (41 μg L(-1)) than in summer (69 μg L(-1)). Dietary arsenic intake remained unchanged (p = 0.24) over the seasons. Hence, we can infer that human health risk assessment from arsenic needs an insight over temporal scale.
在砷中毒流行地区接触砷是最为突出的环境卫生挑战。尽管砷污染的影响已得到充分证实，但由于冬夏季节饮食习惯的变化，关于可能存在的季节性差异的报告尚不可得，特别是对于西孟加拉邦纳迪亚区的流行地区。对纳迪亚区砷中毒流行的查克达街区的25名志愿者的24小时完整饮食、饮用 - 烹饪用水、晨尿样本和饮食史进行了分析，夏季进行一次，然后在冬季对同一批参与者再次进行分析。结果显示体重和体重指数没有季节性变化。源饮用水和烹饪用水中的砷浓度从夏季的26μg L⁻¹降至冬季的6μg L⁻¹（p = 0.04）。我们记录到从夏季到冬季，男性参与者（分别为3.8和2.5 L day⁻¹）和女性参与者（分别为2.6和1.2 L day⁻¹）的饮水量出现季节性下降。通过饮用水摄入的砷量在冬季（29μg day⁻¹）比夏季（100μg day⁻¹）有所下降（p = 0.04），尿砷浓度在冬季（41μg L⁻¹）比夏季（69μg L⁻¹）有所下降（p = 0.018）。不同季节的膳食砷摄入量保持不变（p = 0.24）。因此，我们可以推断，对砷的人体健康风险评估需要在时间尺度上进行深入研究。
