Roos Nanna, Islam Mazharul, Thilsted Shakuntala Haraksingh
Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2003 Sep;54(5):329-39. doi: 10.1080/09637480120092125.
Fish plays an important role in the Bangladeshi diet, constituting the main animal food in rural households. Fish consumption is dominated by wild small (length<25 cm) indigenous fish species (SIS). A study was conducted to evaluate the dietary contribution of vitamin A and calcium from fish in rural Bangladesh. Seasonal fish consumption was surveyed in 84 rural households in Kishoreganj district using a 5 day recall method. Fifty-nine of the households practised aquaculture, producing carps and SIS in small ponds. The intra-household distribution of a standardised fish dish was surveyed in 20 households by weighing. The contribution of vitamin A and calcium from fish was calculated as a nutrient contribution ratio, expressing the nutrient intake from fish relative to the recommended intake at household level. The mean amount of fish consumed in all households was 37 g raw edible parts/person/day (median=27) in July 1997. 82 g raw edible parts/person/day (median=64) in October 1997, and 55 g raw edible parts/person/day (median=42) in February 1998. A total of 44 fish species was recorded in the diet. SIS contributed 84% of the total fish intake. Fish bought in the local markets was the most important source of fish in both fish-producing and non-fish-producing households. The intra-household fish distribution showed that the heads of the households (all males) were favoured over females and other males. In October, the; mean nutrient contribution ratio for vitamin A was 40% (median=23%) and for calcium was 32% (median=26%). SIS contributed more than 99% of vitamin A and calcium intakes from the total fish intake. Mola, a vitamin A-rich SIS, was produced in 34 of the fish-producing households. Mola harvested from the ponds and consumed in the households contributed, on average, 21% (median=18%) of the household recommended intake of vitamin A in a 7 month period. SIS is an important and perhaps irreplaceable dietary source of vitamin A and calcium, and promotion of the availability and accessibility of SIS for the population in rural Bangladesh should be given priority.
鱼类在孟加拉国的饮食中扮演着重要角色，是农村家庭主要的动物性食物。鱼类消费以野生小型（长度<25厘米）本地鱼类品种（SIS）为主。开展了一项研究，以评估孟加拉国农村地区鱼类对维生素A和钙的膳食贡献。采用5天回顾法对基肖尔甘杰区84个农村家庭的季节性鱼类消费情况进行了调查。其中59个家庭从事水产养殖，在小池塘中养殖鲤鱼和SIS。通过称重对20个家庭中一份标准化鱼菜肴在家庭内部的分配情况进行了调查。鱼类对维生素A和钙的贡献以营养素贡献比来计算，即表示家庭层面鱼类的营养素摄入量相对于推荐摄入量的比例。1997年7月，所有家庭鱼类的平均食用量为37克可食生鱼肉/人/天（中位数=27）；1997年10月为82克可食生鱼肉/人/天（中位数=64）；1998年2月为55克可食生鱼肉/人/天（中位数=42）。饮食中总共记录了44种鱼类。SIS占鱼类总摄入量的84%。在产鱼和非产鱼家庭中，从当地市场购买的鱼都是最重要的鱼类来源。家庭内部鱼类分配情况显示，户主（均为男性）比女性和其他男性更受青睐。10月份，维生素A的平均营养素贡献比为40%（中位数=23%），钙为32%（中位数=26%）。SIS在鱼类总摄入量中对维生素A和钙摄入量的贡献超过99%。富含维生素A的SIS——鲳鱼，在34个从事水产养殖的家庭中产出。从池塘收获并在家庭中食用的鲳鱼，在7个月的时间里平均贡献了家庭推荐维生素A摄入量的21%（中位数=18%）。SIS是维生素A和钙的重要且可能不可替代的膳食来源，应优先促进孟加拉国农村人口获取SIS。
