Thornton M J, Taylor A H, Mulligan K, Al-Azzawi F, Lyon C C, O'Driscoll J, Messenger A G
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
Exp Dermatol. 2003 Apr;12(2):181-90. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.120209.x.
Oestrogens play a major role in non-classic target tissues in both sexes, yet there have been few studies on estrogens and skin. Recently a second oestrogen receptor (ERbeta) has been discovered. Therefore, we have compared the expression of oestrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), beta (ERbeta), the androgen receptor (AR) and a cell proliferation marker in male and female non-balding scalp skin. ERbeta was the major steroid receptor expressed in human skin. It was highly expressed in epidermis, blood vessels and dermal fibroblasts, in contrast to ERalpha and AR. In the hair follicle, ERbeta expression was localized to nuclei of outer root sheath, epithelial matrix and dermal papilla cells, in contrast to ERalpha, and the AR, which was only expressed in dermal papilla cells. Serial sections also showed strong nuclear expression of ERbeta in the cells of the bulge, while neither ERalpha nor AR was expressed. In the sebaceous gland, ERbeta was expressed in both basal and partially differentiated sebocytes. ERalpha exhibited a similar pattern of expression, while the AR was expressed in the basal and very early differentiated sebocytes. There was no obvious difference in the expression of either oestrogen receptor in male or female skin. The wide distribution of ERbeta in human skin suggests that oestrogens may play an important role in the maintenance of skin and in the regulation of the pilosebaceous unit, and provides further evidence for oestrogen action in non-classic target tissues. The differential expression of ERalpha, ERbeta and AR in human skin suggests that the mechanisms by which steroid hormones mediate their effects may be more complex than previously thought.
雌激素在两性的非经典靶组织中发挥着重要作用，但关于雌激素与皮肤的研究却很少。最近发现了第二种雌激素受体（ERβ）。因此，我们比较了雌激素受体α（ERα）、β（ERβ）、雄激素受体（AR）以及一种细胞增殖标志物在男性和女性非秃发头皮皮肤中的表达情况。ERβ是人类皮肤中主要表达的类固醇受体。与ERα和AR相比，它在表皮、血管和真皮成纤维细胞中高表达。在毛囊中，ERβ的表达定位于外根鞘、上皮基质和真皮乳头细胞的细胞核，而ERα和仅在真皮乳头细胞中表达的AR则不同。连续切片还显示，隆突部细胞中ERβ有强烈的核表达，而ERα和AR均未表达。在皮脂腺中，ERβ在基底和部分分化的皮脂腺细胞中均有表达。ERα表现出类似的表达模式，而AR则在基底和非常早期分化的皮脂腺细胞中表达。男性或女性皮肤中两种雌激素受体的表达均无明显差异。ERβ在人类皮肤中的广泛分布表明，雌激素可能在维持皮肤和调节毛囊皮脂腺单位方面发挥重要作用，并为雌激素在非经典靶组织中的作用提供了进一步的证据。ERα、ERβ和AR在人类皮肤中的差异表达表明，类固醇激素介导其作用的机制可能比以前认为的更为复杂。
