Batal A B, Parsons C M
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Poult Sci. 2003 Mar;82(3):454-62. doi: 10.1093/ps/82.3.454.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the utilization of several different soy products at different ages in New Hampshire x Columbian male chicks. Six pens of eight chicks were fed dextrose-protein source diets (23% CP) containing 1 of 10 different protein sources from 0 to 21 d of age. Excreta were collected at 0 to 2, 3 to 4, 7, 14, and 21 d of age, and AMEn and amino acid (AA) digestibility were determined using acid-insoluble ash as a marker. Protein sources evaluated were as follows: Experiment 1--casein, soybean meal (SBM), soy protein concentrate (SPC), and soy protein isolate (SPI); Experiment 2-raw soyflakes, SBM, Williams 82 soybeans, heated Williams 82 soybeans, Kunitz-free soybeans (reduced trypsin inhibitor), lectin-free soybeans, and Kunitz/lectin-free soybeans. In Experiment 1, when comparing the MEn and AA digestibility values among diets at the same age, the ranking (from highest to lowest) for the four diets was casein, SPI, SPC, SBM. The MEn values increased (P < 0.05) with age for all four diets, with the increase being much smaller for the casein diet (3%) than the soy diets (mean increase of 13%). In Experiment 2, the SBM diet yielded the highest (P < 0.05) growth performance, MEn and AA digestibility values. The MEn and AA digestibility values of the Williams 82 soybeans, Kunitz-free soybeans, and lectin-free soybeans diets were much lower than those for the SBM diet. In general, the Kunitz/lectin-free soybeans yielded higher growth performance and MEn values than the Williams 82 soybeans, Kunitz-free soybeans, and lectin-free soybeans. The MEn values increased with age for most diets, and AA digestibility increased with age for the soyflake and Kunitz/ lectin-free soybean diets. Our results suggest there may be some potential benefits of feeding SPC or SPI during the first 1 to 3 wk posthatching and that underprocessed (under heated) soybeans should not be included in the diets of very young chicks.
进行了两项试验，以评估新罕布什尔×哥伦比亚雄性雏鸡在不同日龄时对几种不同大豆产品的利用率。将6个围栏，每个围栏8只雏鸡，从0至21日龄饲喂含有10种不同蛋白质来源之一的葡萄糖-蛋白质源日粮（粗蛋白含量23%）。在0至2日龄、3至4日龄、7日龄、14日龄和21日龄收集排泄物，以酸不溶性灰分为标记物测定表观代谢能（AMEn）和氨基酸（AA）消化率。评估的蛋白质来源如下：试验1——酪蛋白、豆粕（SBM）、大豆浓缩蛋白（SPC）和大豆分离蛋白（SPI）；试验2——生大豆片、SBM、威廉斯82大豆、加热的威廉斯82大豆、无库尼茨大豆（胰蛋白酶抑制剂减少）、无凝集素大豆和无库尼茨/凝集素大豆。在试验1中，比较相同日龄日粮间的MEn和AA消化率值时，四种日粮的排名（从高到低）为酪蛋白、SPI、SPC、SBM。所有四种日粮的MEn值均随日龄增加（P<0.05），酪蛋白日粮的增加幅度（3%）远小于大豆日粮（平均增加13%）。在试验2中，SBM日粮的生长性能、MEn和AA消化率值最高（P<0.05）。威廉斯82大豆、无库尼茨大豆和无凝集素大豆日粮的MEn和AA消化率值远低于SBM日粮。总体而言，无库尼茨/凝集素大豆的生长性能和MEn值高于威廉斯82大豆、无库尼茨大豆和无凝集素大豆。大多数日粮的MEn值随日龄增加，大豆片和无库尼茨/凝集素大豆日粮的AA消化率随日龄增加。我们的结果表明，在雏鸡出壳后的前1至3周饲喂SPC或SPI可能有一些潜在益处，并且未充分加工（加热不足）的大豆不应包含在雏鸡日粮中。
