Kloc Małgorzata, Biliński Szczepan M
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2003;41(1):3-11.
RNA localization is an evolutionarily conserved phenomenon that occurs in uni- and multi-cellular animal and plant species. Localized RNA plays a role in the establishment of cell polarity and/or the determination of cell fate. In recent years, it became evident that the major function of RNA localization is the creation of a high concentration of proteins in specific cellular compartments. The movement of RNA involves interactions between targeting signals within the RNA molecule, cytoskeleton, and molecular motors. Translocating RNA must be translationally silent, and on-site translation at the destination site requires a de-repression mechanism. This is probably achieved by sequestering RNA and the regulators of translation within the multiprotein RNP complexes that co-translocate all the components to the ultimate destination within the cell.
RNA定位是一种在单细胞和多细胞动植物物种中都存在的进化保守现象。定位的RNA在细胞极性的建立和/或细胞命运的决定中发挥作用。近年来，很明显RNA定位的主要功能是在特定细胞区室中产生高浓度的蛋白质。RNA的移动涉及RNA分子内的靶向信号、细胞骨架和分子马达之间的相互作用。转运中的RNA必须处于翻译沉默状态，而在目的地的原位翻译需要一种去抑制机制。这可能是通过将RNA和翻译调节因子隔离在多蛋白RNP复合物中来实现的，这些复合物将所有成分共同转运到细胞内的最终目的地。
