Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2011 Jun;46(3):229-39. doi: 10.3109/10409238.2011.572861. Epub 2011 Apr 11.
RNA localization, the enrichment of RNA in a specific subcellular region, is a mechanism for the establishment and maintenance of cellular polarity in a variety of systems. Ultimately, this results in a universal method for spatially restricting gene expression. Although the consequences of RNA localization are well-appreciated, many of the mechanisms that are responsible for carrying out polarized transport remain elusive. Several recent studies have illuminated the roles that molecular motor proteins play in the process of RNA localization. These studies have revealed complex mechanisms in which the coordinated action of one or more motor proteins can act at different points in the localization process to direct RNAs to their final destination. In this review, we discuss recent findings from several different systems in an effort to clarify pathways and mechanisms that control the directed movement of RNA.
RNA 定位，即 RNA 在特定亚细胞区域的富集，是在多种系统中建立和维持细胞极性的一种机制。最终，这导致了一种空间限制基因表达的通用方法。尽管 RNA 定位的后果已被广泛认识，但负责进行极化运输的许多机制仍难以捉摸。最近的几项研究阐明了分子马达蛋白在 RNA 定位过程中所起的作用。这些研究揭示了复杂的机制，其中一个或多个马达蛋白的协调作用可以在定位过程的不同点发挥作用，将 RNA 引导到最终目的地。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了来自几个不同系统的最新发现，努力阐明控制 RNA 定向运动的途径和机制。
