Zhang Na, Yu Guirui, Zhao Shidong, Yu Zhenliang
College of Earth Science, Graduate School, CAS, Beijing 100039, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2003 Jan;24(1):24-32.
The study used EPPML, a biological geochemistry cycle model that was built, to simulate the carbon budget for ecosystems in Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve. The results indicated that the annual net primary productivity [NPP (carbon)] of the natural reserve was 1.332 x 10(6) t.a-1. The annual NPP of mixed broad-leaved and Korean pine forest and spruce-fir forest were maximal, 0.540 x 10(6) t.a-1 and 0.428 x 10(6) t.a-1 respectively. The area and productivity of the two stands were maximal in Changbai Mountain, therefore, the simulating productivity of the two stands most greatly affect carbon cycle and carbon budget of the natural reserve, and the veracity of the former decides the security of the latter. To sum up, not only did the simulations accord with routines in the relative comparisons between different vegetation belts and climate belts in the whole natural reserve, but also was exact in the absolute comparisons with very disperse data from field survey. Vegetations in the natural reserve had evident carbon sink functions, mainly exhibiting in the increasing of carbon, about 1.058 x 10(6) t.a-1. The annual carbon of mixed broad-leaved and Korean pine forest increased greatest (0.452 x 10(6) t.a-1), secondly spruce-fir forest (0.339 x 10(6) t.a-1). The two stands played crucial roles in the carbon sink for Changbai Mountain, others being Changbai larch forest, broad-leaved forest, meadow, shrub, alpine tundra, subalpine Betula ermanii forest and alpine grass. In 1995, the decomposing carbon of soil organic matter was 0.169 x 10(6) t.a-1 higher than the littering carbon in the natural reserve. There was accumulation of organic matter in the meadow soil and shrub soil. The decomposition and accumulation of soil organic matter was in the nearly balancing condition in the alpine tundra soil and alpine grass soil. The decomposition of organic matter was as one and a half time or double as litterfall in the arbor forest soil.
该研究使用了已构建的生物地球化学循环模型EPPML来模拟长白山自然保护区生态系统的碳收支。结果表明，该自然保护区的年净初级生产力[NPP（碳）]为1.332×10⁶ t·a⁻¹。阔叶红松林和云冷杉林的年NPP最高，分别为0.540×10⁶ t·a⁻¹和0.428×10⁶ t·a⁻¹。这两种林分的面积和生产力在长白山地区最大，因此，这两种林分的模拟生产力对自然保护区的碳循环和碳收支影响最大，前者的准确性决定了后者的安全性。综上所述，这些模拟不仅在整个自然保护区不同植被带和气候带的相对比较中符合常规，而且在与实地调查非常分散的数据进行的绝对比较中也很准确。该自然保护区的植被具有明显的碳汇功能，主要表现为碳增加，约为1.058×10⁶ t·a⁻¹。阔叶红松林的年碳增加量最大（0.452×10⁶ t·a⁻¹），其次是云冷杉林（0.339×10⁶ t·a⁻¹）。这两种林分在长白山的碳汇中起着关键作用，其他的还有长白落叶松林、阔叶林、草甸、灌木、高山冻原、亚高山岳桦林和高山草甸。1995年，自然保护区土壤有机质的分解碳比凋落碳高0.169×10⁶ t·a⁻¹。草甸土壤和灌木土壤中有有机质积累。高山冻原土壤和高山草甸土壤中土壤有机质的分解和积累处于近乎平衡的状态。乔木林土壤中有机质的分解量是凋落物量的一倍半或两倍。
