Clement D, Risterucci A M, Motamayor J C, N'Goran J, Lanaud C
Centre de coopération internationale en recherche pour le développement (CIRAD), TA 80/02, Avenue d'Agropolis, Montpellier 34398 CEDEX 5, France.
Genome. 2003 Apr;46(2):204-12. doi: 10.1139/g02-125.
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for agronomic traits was carried out in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.). Regions of the genome involved in yield, vigor, and resistance to Phytophthora palmivora were identified. Three heterozygous clones, one upper Amazon Forastero (IMC78) and two Trinitario (DR1 and S52), were crossed with the same male parent, a lower Amazon Forastero (Catongo), known to be highly homozygous. Observations were made on progeny over nine consecutive years. One to three QTL related to yield were detected in each of the three populations, located on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 9, and 10. They explained between 8.1 and 19.3% of the phenotypic variation and showed various levels of repeatability. In IMC78, the QTL detected on chromosome 5 was the most repeatable over years. The QTL for the average individual pod weight on chromosome 4 was the most significant with an LOD of 17.3 and an R2 of 43.7. QTL related to these traits were identified in the same region of the genome in clones of different genetic groups. This suggests that molecular markers can be used to improve cocoa varieties.
对可可（Theobroma cacao L.）的农艺性状进行了数量性状位点（QTL）定位。确定了基因组中与产量、活力和对棕榈疫霉抗性相关的区域。三个杂合克隆，一个上亚马逊弗拉斯特罗（IMC78）和两个特立尼达（DR1和S52），与同一个父本，一个已知高度纯合的下亚马逊弗拉斯特罗（卡托戈）进行杂交。对连续九年的后代进行了观察。在三个群体中的每一个群体中都检测到一到三个与产量相关的QTL，位于第1、2、4、5、9和10号染色体上。它们解释了8.1%至19.3%的表型变异，并表现出不同程度的重复性。在IMC78中，在第5号染色体上检测到的QTL多年来重复性最高。第4号染色体上与单个豆荚平均重量相关的QTL最为显著，LOD为17.3，R2为43.7。在不同遗传群体的克隆中，在基因组的同一区域鉴定出与这些性状相关的QTL。这表明分子标记可用于改良可可品种。
