Jamaliah R, Fathilah J
Department of Ophthalmology, University Malaya Medical Centre, Lembah Pantai, 50603, Kuala Lumpur.
Med J Malaysia. 2002 Dec;57(4):390-7.
Two hundred outpatients (115 females and 85 males) attending the University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) eye clinic, aged 20 years and above and without any ocular surface disorder were recruited for this study. Their tear film status was determined subjectively by their symptoms and quantitatively by the cotton thread test, Schirmer's test, marginal tear film meniscus assessment, fluorescein corneal staining and tear break-up time. Dry eye was considered present if at least one symptom was experienced often or always, within the past 3 months. Dry eye was also considered present if one of these tests was positive; Schirmer's test < 5 mm, Phenol red thread (PRT) test < 10 mm and tear film breakup time (BUT) < 8 seconds. The prevalence of dry eye in this sample population as defined by presence of symptoms and an abnormal test result is 14.5%. Presence of dry eye as detected by clinical testing is higher in the Chinese race (p < 0.01), in the group 40-59 years (p = 0.024). There is no difference between females and males. A lower BUT score was more strongly associated with presence of dry eye symptoms (p = 0.02). Elderly patients have a lower BUT and Schirmer's score. There is lack of agreement between PRT and Schirmer's test, although both are measures of tear quantity.
本研究招募了200名到马来亚大学医学中心（UMMC）眼科门诊就诊的门诊患者（115名女性和85名男性），年龄在20岁及以上，且无任何眼表疾病。通过症状主观判定其泪膜状态，并通过棉线试验、泪液分泌试验、泪膜边缘半月板评估、荧光素角膜染色和泪膜破裂时间进行定量测定。如果在过去3个月内经常或总是出现至少一种症状，则认为存在干眼。如果这些测试中的一项呈阳性，也认为存在干眼；泪液分泌试验＜5mm、酚红棉线试验（PRT）＜10mm和泪膜破裂时间（BUT）＜8秒。根据症状和异常测试结果定义，该样本人群中干眼的患病率为14.5%。通过临床检测发现，干眼在中国种族中的发生率更高（p＜0.01），在40 - 59岁组中发生率更高（p = 0.024）。女性和男性之间没有差异。较低的BUT评分与干眼症状的存在更密切相关（p = 0.02）。老年患者的BUT和泪液分泌试验评分较低。尽管PRT和泪液分泌试验都是泪液量的测量方法，但两者之间缺乏一致性。
