Echemendia Ruben J, Cantu Robert C
Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Appl Neuropsychol. 2003;10(1):48-55. doi: 10.1207/S15324826AN1001_7.
Cerebral concussions frequently occur at all levels of athletic competition. The effects from these concussions can be transient or may lead to chronic, debilitating symptoms. A growing literature has established that neuropsychological tests are useful in detecting the subtle neurocognitive changes that occur following concussions. The identification of these deficits and subsequent recovery of function can be important components in making return-to-play (RTP) decisions. This article describes the emergence of neuropsychology in sports medicine, discusses the context in which RTP decisions are made, outlines factors that are important to RTP decisions, and presents a model that views the RTP decision as a dynamic risk-benefit analysis that involves complex interactions among variables. It is argued that neuropsychology has a unique, but not exclusive, role in the decision making process. Implications for future research are discussed.
脑震荡在各级体育比赛中都经常发生。这些脑震荡的影响可能是短暂的，也可能导致慢性的、使人衰弱的症状。越来越多的文献表明，神经心理学测试有助于检测脑震荡后发生的细微神经认知变化。识别这些缺陷以及随后的功能恢复可能是做出重返比赛（RTP）决策的重要组成部分。本文描述了神经心理学在运动医学中的兴起，讨论了做出RTP决策的背景，概述了对RTP决策重要的因素，并提出了一个模型，该模型将RTP决策视为一种动态风险效益分析，涉及变量之间的复杂相互作用。有人认为，神经心理学在决策过程中具有独特但非排他性的作用。还讨论了对未来研究的启示。
