急诊医学中的一氧化二氮。
Nitrous oxide in emergency medicine.
作者信息
O'Sullivan I, Benger J
机构信息
Bristol and Weston Emergency Departments, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol UK. Iomhar.O'
出版信息
Emerg Med J. 2003 May;20(3):214-7. doi: 10.1136/emj.20.3.214.
Abstract
Safe and predictable analgesia is required for the potentially painful or uncomfortable procedures often undertaken in an emergency department. The characteristics of an ideal analgesic agent are safety, predictability, non-invasive delivery, freedom from side effects, simplicity of use, and a rapid onset and offset. Newer approaches have threatened the widespread use of nitrous oxide, but despite its long history this simple gas still has much to offer. "I am sure the air in heaven must be this wonder-working gas of delight". Robert Southey, Poet (1774 to 1843)
摘要
急诊科经常进行的潜在痛苦或不适的操作需要安全且可预测的镇痛。理想镇痛剂的特点是安全、可预测、非侵入性给药、无副作用、使用简单、起效快且作用消失快。新方法对一氧化二氮的广泛使用构成了威胁，但尽管其历史悠久，这种简单的气体仍有很多优点。“我确信天堂里的空气一定是这种带来奇妙愉悦的气体”。诗人罗伯特·骚塞（1774年至1843年）
相似文献
1
Nitrous oxide in emergency medicine.
Emerg Med J. 2003 May;20(3):214-7. doi: 10.1136/emj.20.3.214.
2
Self-administered procedural analgesia using nitrous oxide/oxygen (50:50) in the pediatric surgery emergency room: effectiveness and limitations.
Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2015 Jun;25(3):250-6. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1371716. Epub 2014 May 12.
3
Nitrous oxide provides safe and effective analgesia for minor paediatric procedures--a systematic review.
Dan Med J. 2013 Jun;60(6):A4627.
4
[Safety and effectiveness of nitrous oxide for sedation-analgesia in emergency departments].
An Pediatr (Barc). 2011 Aug;75(2):96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2010.12.011. Epub 2011 Mar 25.
5
A systematic review of the safety of analgesia with 50% nitrous oxide: can lay responders use analgesic gases in the prehospital setting?
Emerg Med J. 2005 Dec;22(12):901-8. doi: 10.1136/emj.2004.020891.
6
Technique for the administration of nitrous oxide/oxygen sedation to ensure psychotropic analgesic nitrous oxide (PAN) effects.
Int J Neurosci. 2006 Jul;116(7):871-7. doi: 10.1080/00207450600754012.
7
Nitrous oxide analgesia for bone marrow aspiration and biopsy - A randomized, controlled and patient blinded study.
Scand J Pain. 2015 Apr 1;7(1):28-34. doi: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2015.01.001.
8
[Nitrous oxide is not widely used for children in the emergency departments in The Netherlands].
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2022 Sep 14;166:D6775.
9
Nitrous oxide myelopathy in a pediatric patient.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2014 Apr;30(4):266-7. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000110.
10
[The use of nitrous oxide and oxygen in paediatric emergency departments].
Soins Pediatr Pueric. 2016 Jul-Aug;37(291):39-41. doi: 10.1016/j.spp.2016.05.011.
引用本文的文献
1
Analgesic effect of premixed nitrous oxide in postoperative rehabilitation for ankle fractures: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Trials. 2025 Jun 17;26(1):210. doi: 10.1186/s13063-025-08919-2.
2
Comparison effectiveness of topical analgesics with and without Entonox for esophagogastroduodenoscopy: A randomized controlled trial.
DEN Open. 2025 May 19;6(1):e70107. doi: 10.1002/deo2.70107. eCollection 2026 Apr.
3
Support-vector classification of low-dose nitrous oxide administration with multi-channel EEG power spectra.
J Clin Monit Comput. 2024 Apr;38(2):363-371. doi: 10.1007/s10877-023-01054-w. Epub 2023 Jul 13.
4
[Expert consensus on the application of nitrous oxide and oxygen mixed inhalation for sedation and analgesia technology in burn surgery (2021 version)].
Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi. 2021 Mar 20;37(3):201-206. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200523-00284.
5
The effect of nitrous oxide in comparison to oxygen combined with fentanyl on the hospitalization time and pain reduction in renal colic patients at emergency department.
J Res Med Sci. 2018 Feb 20;23:18. doi: 10.4103/jrms.JRMS_473_17. eCollection 2018.
6
Colonoscopy quality with Entonox intravenous conscious sedation: 18608 colonoscopy retrospective study.
World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2017 Sep 16;9(9):471-479. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v9.i9.471.
7
Analgesic Effects of Inhalation of Nitric Oxide (Entonox) and Parenteral Morphine Sulfate in Patients with Renal Colic; A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Bull Emerg Trauma. 2015 Apr;3(2):46-52.
8
Reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation in emergency department; is entonox(®) effective?
Bioimpacts. 2011;1(4):237-40. doi: 10.5681/bi.2011.034. Epub 2011 Dec 19.
9
Prehospital management of lower limb fractures.
Emerg Med J. 2005 Sep;22(9):660-3. doi: 10.1136/emj.2005.024489.
本文引用的文献
1
The theory and applications of the exchange of inert gas at the lungs and tissues.
Pharmacol Rev. 1951 Mar;3(1):1-41.
2
RELIEF OF POST-OPERATIVE PAIN: COMPARISON OF A 25 PER CENT NITROUS-OXIDE AND OXYGEN MIXTURE WITH MORPHINE.
Br Med J. 1964 Aug 22;2(5407):480-2. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5407.480.
3
The effects of nitrous oxide on responses evoked in the brain stem by tooth stimulation.
Anesthesiology. 1957 Mar-Apr;18(2):183-95. doi: 10.1097/00000542-195703000-00001.
4
A randomized clinical trial of continuous-flow nitrous oxide and midazolam for sedation of young children during laceration repair.
Ann Emerg Med. 2001 Jan;37(1):20-7. doi: 10.1067/mem.2001.112003.
5
Kocher's painless reduction of anterior dislocation of the shoulder: a prospective randomised trial.
Injury. 1998 Mar;29(2):135-7. doi: 10.1016/s0020-1383(97)00168-x.
6
Intra-articular lignocaine versus Entonox for reduction of acute anterior shoulder dislocation.
Injury. 1999 Aug;30(6):403-5. doi: 10.1016/s0020-1383(99)00105-9.
7
Nitrous oxide for the treatment of acute migraine headache.
Am J Emerg Med. 1999 May;17(3):252-4. doi: 10.1016/s0735-6757(99)90118-3.
8
Traditional analgesic agents: are parenteral narcotics passé and do inhalational agents still have a place in labour?
Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 1998 Sep;12(3):409-21. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3552(98)80075-8.
9
Clinical use and potential biohazards of nitrous/oxide oxygen.
Gen Dent. 1997 Sep-Oct;45(5):486-91.
10
Effectiveness of 50% nitrous oxide/50% oxygen during laceration repair in children.
Acad Emerg Med. 1998 Feb;5(2):112-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1998.tb02594.x.
Zotero 插件