Uptmoor R, Wenzel W, Friedt W, Donaldson G, Ayisi K, Ordon F
Institute for Crop Science and Plant Breeding I, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Theor Appl Genet. 2003 May;106(7):1316-25. doi: 10.1007/s00122-003-1202-7. Epub 2003 Mar 6.
In order to get an overview on the genetic relatedness of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) landraces and cultivars grown in low-input conditions of small-scale farming systems, 46 sorghum accessions derived from Southern Africa were evaluated on the basis of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLPs), random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and simple sequence repeats (SSRs). By this approach all sorghum accessions were uniquely fingerprinted by all marker systems. Mean genetic similarity was estimated at 0.88 based on RAPDs, 0.85 using AFLPs and 0.31 based on SSRs. In addition to this, genetic distance based on SSR data was estimated at 57 according to a stepwise mutation model (Deltamu-SSR). All UPGMA-clusters showed a good fit to the similarity estimates (AFLPs: r = 0.92; RAPDs: r = 0.88; SSRs: r = 0.87; Deltamu-SSRs: r = 0.85). By UPGMA-clustering two main clusters were built on all marker systems comprising landraces on the one hand and newly developed varieties on the other hand. Further sub-groupings were not unequivocal. Genetic diversity (H, DI) was estimated on a similar level within landraces and breeding varieties. Comparing the three approaches to each other, RAPD and AFLP similarity indices were highly correlated (r = 0.81), while the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between SSRs and AFLPs was r = 0.57 and r = 0.51 between RAPDs and SSRs. Applying a stepwise mutation model on the SSR data resulted in an intermediate correlation coefficient between Deltamu-SSRs and AFLPs (r = 0.66) and RAPDs ( r = 0.67), respectively, while SSRs and Deltamu-SSRs showed a lower correlation coefficient (r = 0.52). The highest bootstrap probabilities were found using AFLPs (56% on average) while SSR, Deltamu-SSR and RAPD-based similarity estimates had low mean bootstrap probabilities (24%, 27%, 30%, respectively). The coefficient of variation (CV) of the estimated genetic similarity decreased with an increasing number of bands and was lowest using AFLPs.
为了全面了解在小规模种植系统的低投入条件下种植的高粱（双色高粱）地方品种和栽培品种的遗传相关性，基于扩增片段长度多态性（AFLP）、随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）和简单序列重复（SSR）对来自南部非洲的46份高粱种质进行了评估。通过这种方法，所有高粱种质都通过所有标记系统获得了独特的指纹图谱。基于RAPD估计的平均遗传相似性为0.88，使用AFLP为0.85，基于SSR为0.31。除此之外，根据逐步突变模型（Deltamu-SSR），基于SSR数据估计的遗传距离为57。所有UPGMA聚类与相似性估计值拟合良好（AFLP：r = 0.92；RAPD：r = 0.88；SSR：r = 0.87；Deltamu-SSR：r = 0.85）。通过UPGMA聚类，在所有标记系统上构建了两个主要聚类，一方面包括地方品种，另一方面包括新培育的品种。进一步的亚分组并不明确。地方品种和育种品种内的遗传多样性（H，DI）估计处于相似水平。相互比较这三种方法，RAPD和AFLP相似性指数高度相关（r = 0.81），而SSR与AFLP之间的斯皮尔曼等级相关系数为r = 0.57，RAPD与SSR之间为r = 0.51。对SSR数据应用逐步突变模型，Deltamu-SSR与AFLP（r = 0.66）和RAPD（r = 0.67）之间分别产生了中间相关系数，而SSR和Deltamu-SSR显示出较低的相关系数（r = 0.52）。使用AFLP时发现的自展概率最高（平均56%），而基于SSR、Deltamu-SSR和RAPD的相似性估计的平均自展概率较低（分别为24%、27%、30%）。估计的遗传相似性的变异系数（CV）随着条带数量的增加而降低，使用AFLP时最低。
