Mitchell J W
Biophys J. 1976 Jun;16(6):561-9. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(76)85711-6.
A general predictive relation for the convection heat transfer from animal forms is developed. This relation is based on the convection equation for a sphere, and employs a simple, unique characteristic dimension to represent the animal which is the cube root of the animal volume. The accuracy of this relation is established through comparison with available convection results from animal shapes ranging in size and shape from spiders to cows. This relation allows an extrapolation to animal shapes for which data are not available. Results are also presented for the enhancement of convection heat transfer due to natural turbulence. A procedure is outlined for estimating the convecture heat loss from an animal in the natural outdoor environment.
建立了动物体表对流热传递的通用预测关系。该关系基于球体的对流方程，并采用一个简单、独特的特征尺寸来表征动物，即动物体积的立方根。通过与蜘蛛到奶牛等大小和形状各异的动物形状的现有对流结果进行比较，确定了该关系的准确性。此关系允许外推到没有数据的动物形状。还给出了自然湍流导致对流热传递增强的结果。概述了一种估算自然户外环境中动物对流热损失的方法。
