Romay Ch, González R, Ledón N, Remirez D, Rimbau V
Departamento de Farmacología, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 6412, Habana, Cuba.
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2003 Jun;4(3):207-16. doi: 10.2174/1389203033487216.
Phycocyanin (Pc) is a phycobiliprotein that has been recently reported to exhibit a variety of pharmacological properties. In this regard, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effects have been experimentally attributed to Pc. When it was evaluated as an antioxidant in vitro, it was able to scavenge alkoxyl, hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals and to react with peroxinitrite (ONOO(-);) and hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Pc also inhibits microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by Fe(+2)-ascorbic acid or the free radical initiator 2,2' azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH). Furthermore, it reduces carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced lipid peroxidation in vivo. Pc has been evaluated in twelve experimental models of inflammation and exerted anti-inflammatory effects in a dose-dependent fashion in all of these. Thus, Pc reduced edema, histamine (Hi) release, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the levels of prostaglandin (PGE(2)) and leukotriene (LTB(4)) in the inflamed tissues. These anti-inflammatory effects of Pc can be due to its scavenging properties toward oxygen reactive species (ROS) and its inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) activity and on Hi release from mast cells. Pc also reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) in the blood serum of mice treated with endotoxin and it showed neuroprotective effects in rat cerebellar granule cell cultures and in kainate-induced brain injury in rats.
藻蓝蛋白（Pc）是一种藻胆蛋白，最近有报道称其具有多种药理特性。在这方面，抗氧化、抗炎、神经保护和肝脏保护作用已通过实验归因于Pc。在体外评估其作为抗氧化剂时，它能够清除烷氧基、羟基和过氧自由基，并与过氧亚硝酸根（ONOO(-)）和次氯酸（HOCl）发生反应。Pc还能抑制由Fe(+2)-抗坏血酸或自由基引发剂2,2'-偶氮双（2-脒基丙烷）盐酸盐（AAPH）诱导的微粒体脂质过氧化。此外，它能降低体内四氯化碳（CCl(4)）诱导的脂质过氧化。Pc已在12种炎症实验模型中进行了评估，并在所有这些模型中均以剂量依赖的方式发挥抗炎作用。因此，Pc可减轻炎症组织中的水肿、组胺（Hi）释放、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）活性以及前列腺素（PGE(2)）和白三烯（LTB(4)）的水平。Pc的这些抗炎作用可能归因于其对氧活性物质（ROS）的清除特性以及对环氧合酶2（COX-2）活性和肥大细胞Hi释放的抑制作用。Pc还降低了用内毒素处理的小鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）的水平，并在大鼠小脑颗粒细胞培养物和大鼠海藻酸诱导的脑损伤中显示出神经保护作用。
