Wulster-Radcliffe M C, Seals R C, Lewis G S
Bioanalytical Systems, Inc., West Lafayette, IN 47906-1382, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2003 May;81(5):1242-52. doi: 10.2527/2003.8151242x.
In cattle and sheep, a progestogenated uterus is susceptible to infections, but this is not well documented for pigs. Therefore, the effects of day of the estrous cycle and progesterone on the susceptibility to uterine infections were evaluated. Gilts (n = 5 per group) were assigned to treatments in 2 x 2 factorial arrays. In Exp. 1, day of cycle and bacterial challenge were main effects. On d 0 or 8, uteri were inoculated with either 70 x 10(7) cfu of Escherichia coli and 150 x 10(7) cfu of Arcanobacterium pyogenes in PBS or with PBS. In Exp. 2, ovariectomy (OVEX) and progesterone treatment were main effects. On d 0, gilts were ovariectomized or a sham procedure was performed. After surgery, gilts received i.m. injections of progesterone (10 mg/5 mL) or 5 mL of safflower oil diluent twice daily. On d 8, gilts were inoculated with the same doses of bacteria as in Exp. 1. In Exp. 1 and 2, vena caval blood was collected for 4 d, after which uteri were collected. Sediment and ability to culture E. coli and A. pyogenes from uterine flushings were used to diagnose infections. Differential white blood cell counts and lymphocyte response to concanavalin A (Con A) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were used to measure lymphocyte proliferation. Progesterone, estradiol-17beta, prostaglandin F2alpha, (PGF2alpha), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured in vena caval blood. In Exp. 1, d-8 gilts receiving bacteria developed infections, but d-0 gilts receiving bacteria did not. Daily percentages of neutrophils and lymphocytes changed (P < 0.05) with cycle day and bacterial challenge. Basal- and Con A-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation were greater (P < 0.05) for d-0 than for d-8 gilts. Concentrations of PGF2, (P < 0.01) and PGE2 (P < 0.05) increased after bacterial challenge, regardless of stage of the estrous cycle at the time of inoculation. In Exp. 2, OVEX decreased (P < 0.001) and progesterone treatment increased (P < 0.001) progesterone concentrations, and OVEX decreased (P < 0.01) estradiol-17beta. Gilts with ovarian and/or exogenous progesterone developed infections. Daily percentages of neutrophils and lymphocytes changed in response to OVEX, and neutrophils changed (P < 0.05) in response to endogenous and exogenous progesterone. Lymphocyte proliferation in response to Con A and LPS increased (P < 0.05) with OVEX and decreased (P < 0.05) with progesterone treatment. We conclude that endogenous and exogenous progesterone reduce the ability of the uterus in gilts to resist infections.
在牛和羊中，孕激素作用下的子宫易受感染，但猪的这种情况尚无充分文献记载。因此，评估了发情周期天数和孕酮对子宫感染易感性的影响。将后备母猪（每组n = 5头）按2×2析因设计分组处理。在实验1中，周期天数和细菌攻击为主要因素。在第0天或第8天，子宫分别接种含70×10⁷ cfu大肠杆菌和150×10⁷ cfu化脓隐秘杆菌的PBS溶液，或仅接种PBS。在实验2中，卵巢切除术（OVEX）和孕酮处理为主要因素。在第0天，对后备母猪实施卵巢切除或假手术。术后，后备母猪每天两次肌肉注射孕酮（10 mg/5 mL）或5 mL红花油稀释剂。在第8天，后备母猪接种与实验1相同剂量的细菌。在实验1和2中，采集腔静脉血4天，之后采集子宫。用子宫冲洗液中大肠杆菌和化脓隐秘杆菌的沉淀物及培养能力诊断感染。用白细胞分类计数以及淋巴细胞对刀豆蛋白A（Con A）和脂多糖（LPS）的反应来测量淋巴细胞增殖。在腔静脉血中检测孕酮、雌二醇-17β、前列腺素F2α（PGF2α）和前列腺素E2（PGE2）。在实验1中，第8天接受细菌接种的后备母猪发生感染，而第0天接受细菌接种的后备母猪未感染。中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的每日百分比随周期天数和细菌攻击而变化（P < 0.05）。第0天后备母猪的基础及Con A刺激的淋巴细胞增殖高于第8天的后备母猪（P < 0.05）。无论接种时处于发情周期的哪个阶段，细菌攻击后PGF2（P < 0.01）和PGE2（P < 0.05）的浓度均升高。在实验2中，卵巢切除术降低了（P < 0.001）孕酮浓度，而孕酮处理增加了（P < 0.001）孕酮浓度，卵巢切除术降低了（P < 0.01）雌二醇-17β。有卵巢和/或外源性孕酮的后备母猪发生感染。中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的每日百分比因卵巢切除术而变化，中性粒细胞因内源性和外源性孕酮而变化（P < 0.05）。淋巴细胞对Con A和LPS的反应随卵巢切除术增加（P < 0.05），随孕酮处理降低（P < 0.05）。我们得出结论，内源性和外源性孕酮会降低后备母猪子宫抵抗感染的能力。
