Rees D A, Scanlon M F, Ham J
Department of Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
J Endocrinol. 2003 Jun;177(3):357-64. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.1770357.
Adenosine receptors are widely distributed in most species and mediate a diverse range of physiological and pathological effects. Although adenosine receptors have been identified in the pituitary gland, the distribution of the individual subtypes (A(1), A(2A), A(2B), A(3)) has not been well defined. Furthermore, the effects of adenosine on pituitary trophic activity and function are not well established despite good evidence for growth- and immune-modulating properties of the nucleoside elsewhere. Recent advances have provided a more detailed description of adenosine receptor distribution and function in the anterior pituitary and this commentary reviews these observations and highlights some of the possible implications in relation to the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the regulation of inflammation and pituitary cell growth.
腺苷受体广泛分布于大多数物种中，并介导多种生理和病理效应。尽管在垂体中已鉴定出腺苷受体，但各个亚型（A(1)、A(2A)、A(2B)、A(3)）的分布尚未明确界定。此外，尽管有充分证据表明该核苷在其他部位具有生长调节和免疫调节特性，但腺苷对垂体营养活性和功能的影响尚未完全明确。最近的进展对腺苷受体在前叶垂体中的分布和功能进行了更详细的描述，本评论综述了这些观察结果，并强调了与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的控制以及炎症和垂体细胞生长调节相关的一些可能影响。
