火星表面的形态与组成：“火星奥德赛” THEMIS 任务的结果
Morphology and composition of the surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS results.
作者信息
Christensen Philip R, Bandfield Joshua L, Bell James F, Gorelick Noel, Hamilton Victoria E, Ivanov Anton, Jakosky Bruce M, Kieffer Hugh H, Lane Melissa D, Malin Michael C, McConnochie Timothy, McEwen Alfred S, McSween Harry Y, Mehall Greg L, Moersch Jeffery E, Nealson Kenneth H, Rice James W, Richardson Mark I, Ruff Steven W, Smith Michael D, Titus Timothy N, Wyatt Michael B
机构信息
Department of Geological Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-6305, USA.
出版信息
Science. 2003 Jun 27;300(5628):2056-61. doi: 10.1126/science.1080885. Epub 2003 Jun 5.
The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) on Mars Odyssey has produced infrared to visible wavelength images of the martian surface that show lithologically distinct layers with variable thickness, implying temporal changes in the processes or environments during or after their formation. Kilometer-scale exposures of bedrock are observed; elsewhere airfall dust completely mantles the surface over thousands of square kilometers. Mars has compositional variations at 100-meter scales, for example, an exposure of olivine-rich basalt in the walls of Ganges Chasma. Thermally distinct ejecta facies occur around some craters with variations associated with crater age. Polar observations have identified temporal patches of water frost in the north polar cap. No thermal signatures associated with endogenic heat sources have been identified.
“奥德赛”号火星探测器上的热发射成像系统（THEMIS）拍摄了火星表面从红外到可见光波长的图像，这些图像显示出岩性不同、厚度各异的地层，这意味着它们在形成过程中或形成之后，其形成过程或环境发生了时间上的变化。观测到了千米规模的基岩露头；在其他地方，空降尘埃在数千平方公里的范围内完全覆盖了表面。火星在100米尺度上存在成分变化，例如，在恒河峡谷壁上有富含橄榄石的玄武岩露头。在一些陨石坑周围出现了热特征不同的喷出物相，且其变化与陨石坑年龄有关。极地观测发现了北极极冠上季节性出现的水霜斑块。尚未发现与内生热源相关的热信号。
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