粘土矿物的遥感探测
Remote Detection of Clay Minerals.
作者信息
Bishop Janice L, Michalski Joseph R, Carter John
机构信息
SETI Institute, Carl Sagan Center, 189 Bernardo Ave, Suite 200, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.
Dept. of Earth Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
出版信息
Dev Clay Sci. 2017;8:482-514. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100355-8.00014-x. Epub 2017 Oct 13.
Spectral remote sensing in the visible/near-infrared (VNIR) and mid-IR (MIR) regions has enabled detection and characterisation of multiple clays and clay minerals on Earth and in the Solar System. Remote sensing on Earth poses the greatest challenge due to atmospheric absorptions that interfere with detection of surface minerals. Still, a greater variety of clay minerals have been observed on Earth than other bodies due to extensive aqueous alteration on our planet. Clay minerals have arguably been mapped in more detail on the planet Mars because they are not masked by vegetation on that planet and the atmosphere is less of a hindrance. Fe/Mg-smectite is the most abundant clay mineral on the surface of Mars and is also common in meteorites and comets where clay minerals are detected.
可见/近红外（VNIR）和中红外（MIR）区域的光谱遥感技术，已能够对地球上以及太阳系中的多种黏土和黏土矿物进行探测与特征描述。由于大气吸收会干扰地表矿物的探测，所以在地球上进行遥感面临着最大的挑战。不过，由于我们星球上广泛的水蚀作用，地球上观测到的黏土矿物种类比其他天体更多。可以说，在火星上对黏土矿物的测绘更为详细，因为在火星上它们不会被植被掩盖，而且大气造成的阻碍也较小。铁/镁蒙脱石是火星表面最丰富的黏土矿物，在探测到黏土矿物的陨石和彗星中也很常见。
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