Kibler W B, Chandler T J
Lexington Sports Medicine Centre, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
J Sci Med Sport. 2003 Mar;6(1):51-62. doi: 10.1016/s1440-2440(03)80008-7.
This study evaluated changes in range of motion (ROM) in competitive male and female junior tennis players participating in a specific conditioning program over a two-year period. Subjects were also compared to an age and sex-matched control group of players not performing the exercises. Fifty-one tennis players, 29 male (mean age 13.6) and 22 female (mean age 13.2) entered the study. Baseline ROM measurements were performed on all players upon entering the study. The conditioning program employed standardised stretch-hold-relax flexibility exercises for all the areas tested. These exercises were taught to the players and each athlete was given a video of the exercises. Compliance with the program was assessed by exercise logs, the parents, and the athletes. High compliers were compared to low compliers. Mean changes in the combined ROM measurements over time indicate improvement in flexibility in most anatomical areas after one year of participation, with small improvements in the second year. With the exception of forearm supination, there were no differences between high compliers and low compliers. Compared to controls, the experimental group showed significant improvement in sit and reach, dominant and nondominant shoulder internal rotation, dominant and nondominant shoulder external rotation, nondominant gastrocnemius, dominant iliotibial band, dominant and nondominant hip internal rotation, dominant and nondominant hip external rotation, dominant and nondominant forearm pronation, and dominant wrist flexion. The areas of greatest significant change were in the shoulder and back, which correspond to the areas of most clinical risk of Injury. In conclusion, joint ROM can be positively influenced with a specific conditioning program.
本研究评估了参加一项特定体能训练计划的男女青少年竞技网球运动员在两年时间里的关节活动范围（ROM）变化。还将这些受试者与未进行该训练的年龄和性别匹配的运动员对照组进行了比较。51名网球运动员，29名男性（平均年龄13.6岁）和22名女性（平均年龄13.2岁）参与了该研究。所有运动员在进入研究时均进行了基线ROM测量。体能训练计划针对所有测试部位采用标准化的伸展 - 保持 - 放松柔韧性练习。这些练习教授给运动员，并且给每位运动员提供了练习视频。通过训练日志、家长和运动员来评估对该计划的依从性。将高依从者与低依从者进行比较。随着时间推移，ROM综合测量的平均变化表明，参与一年后大多数解剖部位的柔韧性有所改善，第二年有小幅改善。除了前臂旋后外，高依从者和低依从者之间没有差异。与对照组相比，实验组在坐位体前屈、优势和非优势肩内旋、优势和非优势肩外旋、非优势腓肠肌、优势髂胫束、优势和非优势髋内旋、优势和非优势髋外旋、优势和非优势前臂旋前以及优势腕屈方面有显著改善。变化最显著的部位是肩部和背部，这与受伤临床风险最高的部位相对应。总之，特定的体能训练计划可以对关节ROM产生积极影响。
