Marcenes Wagner, Steele Jimmy George, Sheiham Aubrey, Walls Angus Willian Gilmour
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
Cad Saude Publica. 2003 May-Jun;19(3):809-16. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2003000300013. Epub 2003 Jun 11.
This paper reviewed the findings from a national survey in Great Britain which assessed whether dental status affected older people's food selection, nutrient intake, and nutritional status. The survey analyzed national random samples of free-living and institution subjects for dental examination, interview, and four-day food diary as well as blood and urine tests In the free-living sample, intakes of non-starch polysaccharides, protein, calcium, non-heme iron, niacin, and vitamin C were significantly lower in edentulous as compared to dentate subjects. People with 21 or more teeth consumed more of most nutrients, particularly non-starch polysaccharides. This relationship in intake was not apparent in the hematological analysis. Plasma ascorbate and retinol were the only analytes significantly associated with dental status. Having 21 or more teeth increased the likelihood of having an acceptable body mass index (BMI). Thus, maintaining a natural and functional dentition defined as having more than twenty teeth into old age plays an important role in having a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, a satisfactory nutritional status, and an acceptable BMI.
本文回顾了英国一项全国性调查的结果，该调查评估了牙齿状况是否会影响老年人的食物选择、营养摄入和营养状况。该调查分析了全国范围内自由生活和机构养老受试者的随机样本，进行了牙科检查、访谈、为期四天的食物日记记录以及血液和尿液检测。在自由生活样本中，与有牙受试者相比，无牙受试者的非淀粉多糖、蛋白质、钙、非血红素铁、烟酸和维生素C的摄入量显著较低。有21颗或更多牙齿的人摄入的大多数营养素更多，尤其是非淀粉多糖。这种摄入量的关系在血液学分析中并不明显。血浆抗坏血酸和视黄醇是仅有的与牙齿状况显著相关的分析物。拥有21颗或更多牙齿会增加拥有可接受体重指数（BMI）的可能性。因此，保持自然且功能良好的牙列（定义为老年时拥有超过20颗牙齿）对于拥有富含水果和蔬菜的健康饮食、令人满意的营养状况以及可接受的BMI起着重要作用。
