School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 14;13(1):19914. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47336-w.
Declines in oral consumption and swallowing function are common reasons which may elevate the risk of malnutrition in the older adults. This study aimed to provide valuable information and contribute to the existing body of knowledge in this field as well as highlight the importance of a comprehensive assessment of oral health, swallowing function, and nutritional status in long-term care residents. This was a cross-sectional study. Thirty-nine participants were recruited from a nursing home. The comprehensive assessment was evaluated in participants, including oral health (Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT)), swallowing function (Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and Eating Assessment Tool (EAT)-10), and nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF). The average age of participants was 80.4 ± 11.7 years, and 46% of these older adults were found to be at the risk of malnutrition. There was a negative correlation between the OHAT and MNA-SF scores. In addition, subjects with poor oral health (OHAT score = 58), oral consumption of a modified diet (FOIS score = 46), and reduced swallowing function (EAT-10 score ≥ 3) were more likely to be at risk of malnutrition. A comprehensive evaluation of oral health and swallowing function was closely connected with the nutritional status of older nursing home dwellers.
口腔摄入和吞咽功能下降是导致老年人营养不良风险增加的常见原因。本研究旨在为该领域的现有知识体系提供有价值的信息，并强调对长期护理居民的口腔健康、吞咽功能和营养状况进行全面评估的重要性。这是一项横断面研究。从一家养老院招募了 39 名参与者。对参与者进行了全面评估，包括口腔健康（口腔健康评估工具 (OHAT)）、吞咽功能（功能性口腔摄入量表 (FOIS) 和饮食评估工具 (EAT)-10）和营养状况（迷你营养评估-简短表格 (MNA-SF)）。参与者的平均年龄为 80.4 ± 11.7 岁，其中 46%的老年人存在营养不良风险。OHAT 和 MNA-SF 评分之间存在负相关。此外，口腔健康状况较差（OHAT 评分=58）、食用改良饮食（FOIS 评分=46）和吞咽功能下降（EAT-10 评分≥3）的受试者更有可能存在营养不良风险。对口腔健康和吞咽功能的全面评估与老年养老院居民的营养状况密切相关。
