Cantor Michael D, Pearlman Robert A
Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (182) Veterans Affairs Boston Health Care System-Jamaica Plain Campus, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts 02130, USA.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2003 Mar-Apr;4(2):101-8. doi: 10.1097/01.JAM.0000052563.45932.FC.
Residents of long-term care facilities are at risk of serious medical illnesses and being unable to express choices when difficult treatment decisions must be made. Advance care planning (ACP) allows residents to consider, make, and communicate their preferences for how medical decisions should be made if they are unable to participate in the decision-making process. This article reviews the three steps in ACP: consideration of options and expression of values, communication of decisions, and documentation of the choices. The article defines and describes the particular value of ACP in long-term care facilities, reviews the literature on successful ACP programs in long-term care, and concludes with practical suggestions on how to develop and implement ACP programs.
长期护理机构的居民面临着患严重疾病的风险，并且在必须做出艰难的治疗决策时无法表达自己的选择。预先护理计划（ACP）使居民能够考虑、做出并传达他们对于在无法参与决策过程时应如何做出医疗决策的偏好。本文回顾了预先护理计划的三个步骤：考虑各种选择并表达价值观、传达决策以及记录选择。文章定义并描述了预先护理计划在长期护理机构中的特殊价值，回顾了关于长期护理中成功的预先护理计划的文献，并以关于如何制定和实施预先护理计划的实用建议作为结尾。
