Swahn M H, Mahendra R R, Paulozzi L J, Winston R L, Shelley G A, Taliano J, Frazier L, Saul J R
Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Inj Prev. 2003 Jun;9(2):187-9. doi: 10.1136/ip.9.2.187.
To document and describe hate related violent attacks on Middle Easterners or those perceived to be Middle Easterners during the month following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington, DC.
The LexisNexis database of newspaper reports were used to identify incidents of hate related violent acts against Middle Easterners or those perceived to be Middle Easterners in the US between September 1 and October 11, 2001. A total of 100 incidents of hate related violence were identified in the 2659 news articles that were reviewed.
Of the 100 incidents of violent victimization that took place during the period September 1 to October 11, only one incident occurred before September 11. The 99 incidents that occurred after September 11 involved at least 128 victims and 171 perpetrators. Most violent victimizations occurred within 10 days of the attacks, involved male perpetrators and male victims, and occurred in convenience stores, on the streets, at gas stations, at schools/colleges, and at places of worship.
Most violent victimizations occurred in the 10 days immediately following the terrorist attacks indicating that interventions that promote tolerance and understanding of diversity need to be implemented quickly in order to be effective. In addition, patrolling by police and Neighborhood Watch programs around convenience stores and gas stations may also be effective strategies for reducing hate related violent crimes.
记录并描述在2001年9月11日纽约市和华盛顿特区发生恐怖袭击后的一个月内，针对中东人或被视为中东人的仇恨相关暴力袭击事件。
利用LexisNexis报纸报道数据库，识别2001年9月1日至10月11日期间美国境内针对中东人或被视为中东人的仇恨相关暴力行为事件。在审阅的2659篇新闻文章中，共识别出100起仇恨相关暴力事件。
在9月1日至10月11日期间发生的100起暴力受害事件中，只有1起发生在9月11日之前。9月11日之后发生的99起事件涉及至少128名受害者和171名犯罪者。大多数暴力受害事件发生在袭击后的10天内，犯罪者和受害者多为男性，且发生在便利店、街道、加油站、学校/学院以及宗教场所。
大多数暴力受害事件发生在恐怖袭击后的10天内，这表明为有效起见，需要迅速实施促进对多样性的容忍和理解的干预措施。此外，警方巡逻以及便利店和加油站周边的邻里守望计划也可能是减少仇恨相关暴力犯罪的有效策略。
