Cioli Donato, Pica-Mattoccia Livia
Institute of Cell Biology, C.N.R., 32 Via Ramarini, 00016 Monterotondo (RM), Italy.
Parasitol Res. 2003 Jun;90 Supp 1:S3-9. doi: 10.1007/s00436-002-0751-z. Epub 2002 Nov 22.
Praziquantel is the drug of choice for the treatment of all forms of schistosomiasis. This review summarizes the main features of the drug, with special attention being given to those aspects that may be of interest to the practicing physician. After a brief mention of the history, the chemistry, the major available brands and their costs, doses and administration schedules are reviewed. Pharmacokinetics and drug interactions are analyzed and the low toxicity and mild side effects are stressed. A major weakness of praziquantel is its relative inefficacy against recent infections, a factor that may occasionally result in low cure rates in hyperendemic areas. Recent findings of schistosome isolates with a decreased sensitivity to praziquantel are discussed in the broader context of a possible emergence of drug resistance.
吡喹酮是治疗各种类型血吸虫病的首选药物。本综述总结了该药物的主要特点，特别关注执业医师可能感兴趣的那些方面。在简要提及该药的历史、化学结构、主要现有品牌及其成本后，对剂量和给药方案进行了综述。分析了药代动力学和药物相互作用，并强调了其低毒性和轻微副作用。吡喹酮的一个主要缺点是其对近期感染相对无效，这一因素可能偶尔导致高流行地区的治愈率较低。在可能出现耐药性的更广泛背景下，讨论了对吡喹酮敏感性降低的血吸虫分离株的最新研究结果。
