Trümpler François, Oez Suzan, Stähli Peter, Brenner Hans Dieter, Jüni Peter
Psychiatric Hospital Münsingen, 3110 Münsingen, Switzerland.
Alcohol Alcohol. 2003 Jul-Aug;38(4):369-75. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agg091.
Previous trials on acupuncture in alcohol addiction were in outpatients and focused on relapse prevention. Rates of dropout were high and interpretation of results difficult. We compared auricular laser and needle acupuncture with sham laser stimulation in reducing the duration of alcohol withdrawal.
Inpatients undergoing alcohol withdrawal were randomly allocated to laser acupuncture (n = 17), needle acupuncture (n = 15) or sham laser stimulation (n = 16). Attempts were made to blind patients, therapists and outcome assessors, but this was not feasible for needle acupuncture. The duration of withdrawal symptoms (as assessed using a nurse-rated scale) was the primary outcome; the duration of sedative prescription was the secondary outcome.
Patients randomized to laser and sham laser had identical withdrawal symptom durations (median 4 days). Patients randomized to needle stimulation had a shorter duration of withdrawal symptoms (median 3 days; P = 0.019 versus sham intervention), and tended to have a shorter duration of sedative use, but these differences diminished after adjustment for baseline differences.
The data from this pilot trial do not suggest a relevant benefit of auricular laser acupuncture for alcohol withdrawal. A larger trial including adequate sham interventions is needed, however, to reliably determine the effectiveness of any type of auricular acupuncture in this condition.
以往关于针灸治疗酒精成瘾的试验针对的是门诊患者，且侧重于预防复发。脱落率较高，结果解读困难。我们比较了耳穴激光针刺和针刺与假激光刺激在缩短酒精戒断持续时间方面的效果。
正在进行酒精戒断的住院患者被随机分配至激光针刺组（n = 17）、针刺组（n = 15）或假激光刺激组（n = 16）。试图使患者、治疗师和结果评估者保持盲态，但针刺组无法做到这一点。戒断症状持续时间（使用护士评定量表评估）为主要结局；镇静药物处方持续时间为次要结局。
随机分配至激光针刺组和假激光刺激组的患者戒断症状持续时间相同（中位数为4天）。随机分配至针刺刺激组的患者戒断症状持续时间较短（中位数为3天；与假干预组相比，P = 0.019），且镇静药物使用时间往往较短，但在对基线差异进行调整后，这些差异减小。
这项试点试验的数据并未表明耳穴激光针刺对酒精戒断有显著益处。然而，需要开展一项纳入充分假干预措施的更大规模试验，以可靠地确定任何类型的耳穴针刺在此种情况下的有效性。
